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考试科目：翻译硕士英语共12页，第1页 2021年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（A卷）*学科、专业名称：翻译硕士专业研究方向：英语笔译考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语考试科目代码：211考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。I. Vocabulary _ they help their parents do somehousework.A. rather than do B. much less doC. much more do D. much less 考试科目：翻译硕士英语共12页，第3页 20. In linking geographically disparate people, the Internet is arguably helping millions ofspontaneous communities to bloom: communities defined by common interests rather than by theaccident of _.A. affluence B. reciprocity C. contemporariness D. proximity21. Mr. Browns condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _.A. pull back B. pull through C. pull up D. pull out22. Probably no man had more effect on the daily lives of most people in the United States _Henry Ford, a pioneer in automobile production.A. as was B. than was C. than did D. as did23. A _ negative attitude of the engineers toward projects funded by his company is the cause of the delay of signing the contract.A. perpetual B. pernicious C. preventive D. pervasive24. _, domesticated grapes grow in clusters, range in color from pale green to black, andcontain sugar in varying quantities.A. Their botanical classification as berriesB.Although their botanical classification as berriesC. Because berries being their botanical classificationD. Classified botanically as berries25. Nothing is so uncertain as the fashion market where one style _ over another beforebeing replaced.A. dominates B. manipulates C. overwhelms D. prevails 26. Some of the paintings formerly _ the Italian Renaissance artist are now thought to havebeen created by one of his students.A. submitted to B. adapted from C. denied by D. attributed to27. It is absolutely essential that William _ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.A. will continue B. continued C. continue D. continues28. People who suffer from _, for example, tend to have difficulties gauging facial cues, sotheir attention is less influenced by where somebody is looking.A. autism B. assertiveness C. extroversion D. sociability29. Were starting to realize that magicians have a lot of implicit knowledge about how we perceivethe world around us because they have to deceive us in terms of controlling attention, exploiting the _ we make when we do and dont notice a change in our environment.A. imaginations B. conceptions C. perceptions D. assumptions 考试科目：翻译硕士英语共12页，第4页 30. The hospital denies there is any connection between the disciplinary action and Dr. Reids_ about health problems.A. allegiance B. alliance C. allegations D. alliterationII. Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: This part consists of two sections. In Section A, there are four passagesfollowed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. In Section B, there isone passage followed by a total of 5 short-answer questions. Read thepassages and writeyour answers on theAnswer Sheet.SectionA Multiple-Choice Questions (30%)Passage 1Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. Three hundred years ago news travelled by word of mouth or 1etter, and circulated in tavernsand coffee houses in the form of pamphlets and newsletters. “The coffee houses particularly are veryroomy for a free conversation, and for reading at an easier rate all manner of printed news,” noted oneobserver. Everything changed in 1833 when the first mass-audience newspaper, The New York Sun,pioneered the use of advertising to reduce the cost of news, thus giving advertisers access to a wideraudience. The penny press, followed by radio and television, turned news from a two-wayconversation into a one-way broadcast, with a relatively small number of firms controlling the media.Now, the news industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house. The internet ismaking news more participatory, social and diverse, reviving the discursive characteristics of the erabefore the mass media. That will have profound effects on society and politics. In much of the world,the mass media are flourishing. Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6% between 2005 and 2009.But those global figures mask a sharp decline in readership in rich countries. Over the past decade, throughout the western world, people have been giving up newspapers andTV news and keeping up with events in profoundly different ways. Most strikingly, ordinary peopleare increasingly involved in compiling, sharing, filtering, discussing and distributing news. Twitterlets people anywhere report what they are seeing. Classified documents are published in theirthousands online. Mobile phone footage of Arab uprisings and American tornadoes is posted onsocial-networking sites and shown on television newscasts. Social-networking sites help people find,discuss and share news with their friends.And it is not just readers who are challenging the media elite. Technology firms includingGoogle, Facebook and Twitter have become important conduits of news. Celebrities and worldleaders publish updates directly via social networks; many countries now make raw data availablethrough “open government” initiatives. The internet lets people read newspapers or watch televisionchannels from around the world. The web has allowed new providers of news, from individual bloggers to sites, to rise to prominence in a very short space of time. And it has made possible entirelynew approaches to journalism, such as that practiced by WikiLeaks, which provides an anonymousway for whistleblowers to publish documents. The news agenda is no longer controlled by a few pressbarons and state outlets. 考试科目：翻译硕士英语共12页，第5页 In principle, every liberal should celebrate this. A more participatory and social newsenvironment, with a remarkable diversity and range of news sources, is a good thing. Thetransformation of the news business is unstoppable, and attempts to reverse it are doomed to failure.As producers of new journalism, individuals can be scrupulous with facts and transparent with theirsources. As consumers, they can be general in their tastes and demanding in their standards. Andalthough this transformation does raise concerns, there is much to celebrate in the noisy, diverse,vociferous, argumentative and stridently alive environment of the news business in the ages of theinternet. The coffee house is back. Enjoy it.31. According to the passage, what initiated the transformation of coffee-house news tomass-media news?A. The appearance of big mass media firms.B. The emergence of advertising in newspapers. C. The popularity of radio and television.D. The increasing number of newspaper readers.32. Which of the following statements best supports “Now, the news industry is returning tosomething closer to the coffee house”?A. Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6between 2005 and 2009.B. People in the Western world are giving up newspapers and TV news.C. Classified documents are published in their thousands online.D. More people are involved in finding, discussing and distributing news. 33.According to the passage, which is NOT a role played by information technology?A. Challenging the traditional media.B. Planning the return to coffee-house news.C. Providing people with access to classified files.D. Giving ordinary people the chance to provide news.34. In “The coffee house is back”, coffee house best symbolizes _.A. the changing characteristics of news audienceB. the more diversified means of news distributionC. the participatory nature of news D. the more varied sources of news35. The authors tone in the last paragraph towards new journalism is _.A. optimistic and cautious B. supportive and skepticalC. doubtful and reserved D. ambiguous and cautious 考试科目：翻译硕士英语共12页，第6页 Passage 2Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.The Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity, but a generation agoit looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx, once widely spoken on the Isle of Man but nowextinct. Government financing and central planning, however, have helped reverse the decline ofWelsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English, andschoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful ofEuropes regional languages, spoken by more than a half-million of the countrys three millionpeople.The revival of the language, particularly among young people, is part of a resurgence of nationalidentity sweeping through this small, proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly, the first parliament to be convened here since 1404. Theidea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the UnitedKingdom. With most of the people and wealth, England has always had bragging rights. The partialtransfer of legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was designed to give theother members of the club Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales a bigger say and to countercentrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly fora parliament, the vote for a Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout ofless than 25 percent. Its powers were proportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how moneyfrom Westminster or the European Union is spent. It cannot, unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh, enactlaws. But now that it is here, the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly. Many people would like itto have more powers. Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003, of a new debating chamber, one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaportinto a Baltimore-style waterfront city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from theEuropean Union will tackle poverty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe onlySpain, Portugal, and Greece have a lower standard of living.Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women, boostingself-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added new iconssuch as Catherine Zeta-Jones, the movie star, and Bryn Terfel, the opera singer. Indigenous foods likesalt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline, Awyr Cymru. Cymru, whichmeans “land of compatriots,” is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon, the nations symbol sincethe time of KingArthur, is everywhere on T-shirts, rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers.“Until very recent times most Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citizens,” saidDyfan Jones, an 18-year-old student. It was a warm summer night, and I was sitting on the grass with a group of young people in Llanelli, an industrial town in the south, outside the rock music venue ofthe National Eisteddfod, Waless annual cultural festival. The disused factory in front of us echoed tothe sounds of new Welsh bands.“There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence,” Dyfan continued. Equallycomfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking, global youth culture andthe new federal Europe, Dyfan, like the rest of his generation, is growing up with a sense ofpossibility unimaginable ten years ago. “We used to think. We cant do anything, were only Welsh. 考试科目：翻译硕士英语共12页，第7页 Now I think thats changing.”36.According to the passage, devolution was mainly meant to _.A. maintain the present status among the nationsB. reduce legislative powers of EnglandC. create a better state of equality among the nationsD. grant more say to all the nations in the union37. The word “centrifugal” in the second paragraph means _.A. separatist B. traditional C. feudal D. political 38. Wales is different from Scotland in all the following aspects EXCEPT _.A. peoples desire for devolutionB. powers of the legislative bodyC. status of the national languageD. localsturnout for the voting39. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of the resurgence of Welsh nationalidentity?A. Welsh has witnessed a revival as a national language.B. Poverty-relief funds have been allocated by the European Union. C. AWelsh national airline is currently in operation.D. The national symbol has become a familiar sight.40.According to Dyfan Jones, what has changed is _.A. peoples mentality B. pop cultureC. towns appearance D. possibilities for the peoplePassage 3Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage. Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will nowconsider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone ison or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsetsthe old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of 考试科目：翻译硕士英语共12页，第8页 their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidlychanging technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed Californias advice. Enough of theimplications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justice can and should provide updatedguidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding Californias lame argument that exploring the contents of asmartphone a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to, say, going through a suspectspurse. The court has ruled that police dont violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through thewallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring ones smartphone is more likeentering his or her home. A smartphone may contain an arrestees reading history, financial history,medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloudcomputing,” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much easier. Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. But keeping sensitive information onthese devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have a right to expect privatedocuments to remain private and protected by the Constitutions prohibition on unreasonablesearches.As so often is the case, stating that principle doesnt ease the challenge of line-drawing. In manycases, it would not be overly onerous for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phonecontents. They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgentcircumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased oraltered while a warrant is pending. The court, though, may want to allow room for police to citesituations where they are entitled to more freedom.But the justices should not swallow Californias argument whole. New, disruptive technologysometimes demands novel applications of the Constitutio
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