资源描述
1 2020年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题(B卷)*招生专业与代码：050205日语语言文学、050203法语语言文学考试科目名称及代码：241基础英语考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。Part I Cloze (10 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and write thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Brazil has _1_ to offer the visitor: 7,300 km of coastline, much of it empty, endless beaches; theplanets biggest rainforest; an area of wetlands full of alligators and jaguars; colonial cities andspectacular waterfalls. The Bahia coast in north-east Brazil is a particularly attractive area _2_ tourism. Several luxuryresorts have been built there. Recently a $170 million five-hotel _3_ at Sauipe opened. With its18-hole golf _4_ and designer shops, Sauipe is hoping to attract rich, foreign visitors.The tourist industry _5_ problems in the past _6_ high inflation which led to short-termplanning. Hotels, _7_, are long-term investments, often with _8_ periods of over 15 years. Ifresorts such as Sauipe _9_ attract significant numbers of tourists, they have to solve severalproblems._10_ a start, Brazil needs cheaper and more frequent international air travel. Brazilian airlineshave actually decreased the number of _11_ international flights in the past two years because of acurrency _12_. Foreign visitors also demand a level of service _13_ needs lengthy training aconsiderable task for most of the resorts in the northeast which do not have a _14_ population toprovide suitable staff.The other big challenge for Sauipes managers is _15_ the social problems that other new resorts have caused, when large numbers of people have come from the interior in search _16_ jobs,quickly _17_slums.The resort _18_ to deal with these pressures by setting up courses in the surrounding villages formaking handicrafts which will_19_at Sauipe and by organizing _20_ for local co-operatives toproduce foodstuffs for the hotels.1.A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. somehow2.A. to B. for C. with D. on3.A. complexity B. complicated C. complex D. compliment4.A. course B. court C. pitch D. ground5.A. has B. have C. having D. had6.A. due B. because C. for D. because of7.A. however B. therefore C. because D. while 8.A. pay B. payback C. payoff D. paycheck 2 9.A. go to B. are going to C. go for D. goes to10.A. With B. On C. For D. To11.A. schedule B. scheduling C. scheduled D. to schedule12.A. boom B. infrastructure C. increasing D. devaluation13.A. that B. in that C. who D. what14.A. well-located B. well-educated C. well-designed D. well-done15.A. forget B. to forget C. avoid D. to avoid16.A. to B. at C. of D. on17.A. create B. to create C. created D. creating18.A. is hoping B. hope C. hoped D. has hoped19.A. sell B. be sold C. sold D. be selling20.A. believe B. belief C. credit D. money Part II Reading ComprehensionSectionA(40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You shoulddecide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Questions 21to 25are basedonthe following passage.At the Kyoto conference on global warming in December 1997, it became abundantly clear howcomplex it has become to work out international agreements relating to the environment because ofeconomic concerns unique to each country. It is no longer enough to try to forbid certain activities orto reduce emissions of certain substances. The global challenges of the interlink between theenvironment and the development increasingly brings us to the core of the economic life of the states. During the late 1980s we were able, through international agreements, to make deep cuts in emissionsharmful to the ozone layer. These reductions were made possible because substitutions had beenfound for many of the harmful chemicals and, more important, because the harmful substances couldbe replaced without negative effects on employment and economies of states.Although the threat of global warming has been known to the world for decades and all countriesand leaders agree that we need to deal the problem, we also know that the effects of measures,especially harsh measures taken in some countries, would be nullified(使无效，取消) if othercountries do not control their emissions. Whereas the UN team on climate change has found that theemissions of carbon dioxide would have to be cut globally by 60% to stabilize the content of CO2 inthe atmosphere, this path is not feasible for several reasons. Such deep cuts would cause a breakdownof the world economy. Important and populous low-or-medium-income countries are not yet willingto undertake legal commitments about their energy uses. In addition, the state of world technologywould not yet permit us to make such a big leap. We must, however, find a solution to the threat of global warming early in the 21st century. Such acommitment would require a degree of shared vision and common responsibilities new to humanity.Success lies in the force of imaginations, in imagining what would happen if we fail to act. Althoughmany living in cold regions would welcome the global warming effects of a warmer summer, fewwould cheer the arrival of the subsequent tropical diseases, especially where there had been none. 3 21. The main purpose of this passage is to _ .A. analyze the problem of global warmingB. argue against making deep cuts in emissionsC. convince people that global warming is a real threatD. criticize some countries for refusing to cut down harmful emissions22. The reason why it is difficult to get rid of the threat of global warming is that_ .A. not all countries are willing to make deep cuts in emissionsB. many people welcome the global warming effect of a warmer summerC. the leaders of many countries are not fully aware of the gravity of the problemD. the world technology is not able to solve the problem23. In the passage the author implies that _ .A. the world has recently become aware of the threat of global warmingB. the problem of global warming has largely been solved C. it is easy to work out international agreements to cut down harmful emissionsD. it is no longer easy to reach international agreements relating to the environment24. According to the author, it is impossible at the present to cut 60% of carbon dioxide emissionsglobally because _ .A. some people are irresponsibleB. it would cause a collapse of the world economyC. it is only a goal to be reached in the futureD. some people are lacking in imagination25. What should all counties do to help solve the problem of global warming?A. They should hold another world conference on climate change.B. They should provide advanced technology.C. They should replace all the harmful substances.D. They should willingly undertake legal commitments about their energy uses. Questions 26 to 30are basedonthe following passage.Ramos was brilliant, handsome, wealthy, and one of Rio de Janeiros beautiful people. At agethirty-six, he was a permanent plastic surgeon who owned two medical clinics. At parties, he met andtalked to famous Hollywood movie personalities and sports stars. He seemed to be the perfectexample of the good life. But by March of 1982, thirty-six-year-old Ramos was found in a Brazilianprison charged with eighteen crimes including armed robbery, drug smuggling, and murder.According to police, Ramos used his personal friendships with wealthy people to prepare for hiscrimes. He would attend the parties of his friends, inspect their houses carefully for valuables, drawdiagrams of their homes, and then send in professional burglars to rob them. His victims were jeweldesigner, diplomats, and wealthy social figures.Sometimes Ramos even stole things himself. One of his crimes was stealing an expensive watchfrom the famous soccer player, Pele. He also sold stolen cars and used two private airplanes tosmuggle cocaine. In the fall of 1981, however, the famous plastic surgeons double life came apart. He was arrestedafter an informant told the police that Ramos was involved in a series of the thefts. Ramos escaped bysimply walking out the main door of the Rio de Janeiro police building, but police soon found thebody his personal pilot and accused drug-smuggling partner in an old hotel. Police believed he was 4 murdered for informing them about Ramos. Then Ramos hid with another of his accomplices, whowas later found shot to death on an old county road. In less than a month, police managed to findRamos was hiding in a run-down neighborhood. When he was caught, he had a diamond ring worthover $90,000 in his jeans pocket.In later interviews, Ramos said he really didnt know he committed the crimes. He denied themurders, and his lawyers said he was insane. Perhaps one reason for Ramoss behavior could befound in his family history. His grandfather had murdered six members of one family, and his fatherwas accused of killing his mothers lover, but those charges were later dropped. Ramos seemed toescape that background by studying medicine and socializing with some of the most important peoplein Brazilian society. But that wasnt enough.26. Which of the following descriptive adjectives can best be used to describe the personality ofRamos?A. Double-faced. B. Perfect. C. Beautiful D. Dissociated. 27. What were the chief crimes that Ramos committed according to the passage?A. Smuggling, bribery and thefts.B. Robbery, pick-pocketing and spying.C. Burglary, smuggling and corruption.D. Smuggling, robbery, and murder.28. What kind of psychological background can probably best account for crimes Ramos committed?A. He was insane.B. He had some family murdering records.C. He was associated with some important figures in the country.D. The article didnt give a clear answer to the question.29. In the sentence “Police believed he was murdered for informing them about Ramos” (Para.4), hemay refer to _.A. Ramoss personal pilot. B. the accused drug-smuggling partner C. Ramos himself D. BothAand B30. The best title for this passage should be _ .A. Being Wealthy Does Not Mean EverythingB.ADouble-faced DoctorC.AMan with Complex Psychological BackgroundD. Doctor or Murderer, Smuggler?Questions 31 to 35are basedonthe following passage.Amtrak(美国铁路客运公司)was experiencing a downswing in ridership along the linescomprising its rail system. Of major concern to Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham,were the long-distance western routes where ridership had been declining significantly.At one time, trains were the only practical way to cross the vast areas of the west. Trains were fast,very luxurious, and quite convenient compared to other forms of transportation existing at the time. However, times change and automobile became Americas standard of convenience. Also, air travelhad easily established itself as the fastest method of traveling great distances. Therefore, the task forDDB Needham was to encourage consumers to consider other aspects of train travel in order tochange their attitudes and increase the likelihood that trains would be considered for travel in thewest. 5 Two portions of the total market were targeted: 1) anxious fliers-those concerned with safety,relaxation, and cleanliness and 2) travel-lovers-those viewing themselves as relaxed, casual, andinterested in the travel experience as part of their vacation. The agency then developed a campaignthat focused on travel experiences such as freedom, escape, relaxation, and enjoyment of the greatwestern outdoors. It stressed experiences gained by using the trains and portrayed western train tripsas wonderful adventures.Advertisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along some of themore famous western routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains (EmpireBuilder, etc.). These ads were strategically placed among family-oriented TV shows and programsinvolving nature and America in order to most effectively reach target audiences. Results wereimpressive. The Empire Builder, which was focused on in one ad, enjoyed a 15 percent increase inprofits on its Chicago to Seattle route.31. Whats the authors purpose in writing this passage? A. To show the inability of trains to compete with planes with respect to speed and convenience.B. To illustrate the important role of persuasive communication in changing consumer attitudes.C. To stress the influence of the automobile onAmericas standard of convenience.D. To emphasize the function of travel agencies in market promotion.32. It can be inferred from the passage that the drop in Amtrak ridership was due to the factthat_ .A. trains were not the fastest and most convenient form of transportationB. trains could not compete with planes in terms of luxury and convenienceC. trains were not as fast and convenient as they used to beD. trains were not suitable for short distance passenger transportation33. To encourage consumers to travel by train, DDB Needham emphasized_ .A. the freedom and convenience provided by trainsB. the safety and cleanliness of train trips C. the practical aspects of train travelD. the adventurous aspects of train trips34. The train ads were placed among family-oriented TV programs involving nature and Americabecause_ .A. they could focus on meaningful travel experiencesB. their profits could be increased by some 15 percentC. they could increase the effectiveness of the TV programsD. most travel-lovers and nervous fliers were believed to be among the audiences35. According to the passage, the Empire Builder enjoyed an increase in ridership and profitsbecause_ .A. it was widely advertised in newspapers and magazines in Chicago and SeattleB. its passengers could enjoy the great western outdoorsC. the attractiveness of its name and route was effectively advertised D. it provided an exciting travel experienceQuestions 36to 40are basedonthe following passage.Humanity uses a little less than half of the water available worldwide. Yet occurrences ofshortages and droughts are causing famine and distress in some areas, and industrial and agricultural 6 by-products are polluting water supplies. Since the worlds population is expected to double in thenext 50 years, many experts think we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis.But that doesnt have to be the outcome. Water shortages dont have to trouble the world-if westart valuing water more than we have in the past. Just as we began to appreciate petroleum more after1970s oil crisis, today we must start looking at water from a fresh economic perspective. We can nolonger
展开阅读全文