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汕头大学2021年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 科目代码：624科目名称：基础英语适用专业：英语语言文学考生须知答案一律写在答题纸上，答在 试题纸上的不得分!清用黑色字迹 签字笔作答，答题要写清题号，不 必抄原题。I. Vocabulary and structure (1-5: 1 point each; 6-15: 1.5 points each. Total: 20 points) Part A: Multiple choice of vocabulary.1. Obviously, the Chairmans remarks at the conference were and not planned.A. spontaneous B. substantial C. simultaneous D. synthetic2. Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in the morning but slightly in the afternoon.A. regainedB. recovered C. restored D. revived3. Professor Johnsons retirement from next January.A. carries into effectB. takes effectC. has effectD. puts into effect4. no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room.A. There was B. SinceC. BeingD. There being5. for the fact that he broke his leg, he might have passed the exam.A. Had it not beenB. Were it notC. If it was notD. Should it notPart B; Choose one word to complete each of the following sentences:A. ignoble B. invulnerable C. irrelevant D. immutable E. inveterate6. Ms. Smith heads a suppoit group for gamblers, helping them to get over their chronic habit through group counseling.7. No politician is safe from disparaging attacks by those who have designs on his position. He could have 100% affirmative votes and still not be to defamation.8. John was expelled solely on his violation of our laws, and things such as race, gender and religion are .第1页共13页汕头大学2021年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题9. For a man already infamous like him, this act comes as no surprise to us all.10. Our dedication to the completion to this expressway project is . No setbacks will prevent us from finishing what weve started.Part C: Multiple choice of syntactic knowledge:11. In the sentence MIfs no use waiting for hef, the italicized phrase is .A. the object B. an adverbial C. a complement D. the subject12. Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A. The directors appointed John manager.B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.C. You have done Peter a favor.D. She is teaching children English.13. Which of the following sentences contains an adverbial of cause?A. He failed to lift the rock in spite of all his exertions.B. To draw the map properly, you need a special pen.C. For all her wealth, she never wastes money on luxury goods.D. With all this work to do, I dont know whether I can go out.14. Which of the following italicized parts indicates an appositive relation?A. This is the best hotel to stay.B. He got lots of tasks to do.C. Sally hit back the urge to tell a lie.D. There are many topics to discuss.15. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Fifteen miles are not a short walk for a 5-year-old kid.B. Thirty percent of the refugees were from that country.C. Neither my parents nor my brother is coming.D. Only one out of six was absent at the meeting.IL Reading Comprehension (40 points)Read the following passages and choose the best answer to each question. Passage 1 (10 points)Social circumstances in Early Modern England mostly served to repress womens voices. Patriarchal culture and institutions constructed them as chaste, silent, obedient, and subordinate. At the beginning of the 17th century, the ideology of patriarchy, political absolutism, and gender hierarchy were reaffirmed powerfully by King James in The Trew Law of Free Monarchic and the Basilikon Doron; by that ideology the absolute power of God the supreme patriarch was seen to be imaged in the absolute monarch of the state and in the husband and father of a family. Accordingly, a womans subjection, first to her father and then to her husband, imaged the subjection of English people to their monarch, and of all Christians to God. Also, the period saw an outpouring of repressive or overtly misogynist sermons, tracts, and plays, detailing womens physical and mental defects, spiritual evils, rebelliousness, shrewislwess, and natural inferiority to men.Yet some social and cultural conditions served to empower women. During the Elizabethan era (1558一1603) the culture was dominated by a powerful Queen, who provided an impressive female example though she left scant cultural space for other women. Elizabethan women writers began to produce original texts but were occupied chiefly with translation. In the 17th century, however, various circumstances enabled women to write original texts in some numbers. For one thing, some counterweight to patriarchy was provided by female communitiesmothers and daughters, extended kinship networks, close female friends, the separate court of Queen Anne (King James consort) and her often oppositional masques and political activities. For another, most of these women had a reasonably good education (modern languages, history, literature, religion, music, occasionally Latin) and some apparently found in romances and histories more expansive terms for imagining womens lives. Also, representation of vigorous and rebellious female characters in literature and especially on the stage no doubt helped to undermine any monolithic social construct of womens nature and role.Most important, perhaps, was the radical potential inherent in the Protestant insistence on every Christians immediate relationship with God and primary responsibility to follow his or her individual conscience. There is plenty of support in St Pauls epistles and elsewhere in the Bible for patriarchy and a wifes subjection to her husband, but some texts (notably Galatians 3:28) inscribe a very different politics, promoting womens spiritual equality: There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female: for ye are all one in Jesus Christ., Such texts encouraged some women to claim the suppoit of God the supreme patriarch against the various earthly patriarchs who claimed to stand toward them in his stead.There is also the gap or slippage between ideology and common experience. English women tliroughout the 17th century exercised a good deal of accrual power: as managers of estates in their husbands absences at court or on military and diplomatic missions; as members of guilds; as wives and mothers who apex during the English Civil War and Interregnum (1640-1660), as the execution of the King and the attendant disruption of social hierarchies led many women to seize new rolesas preachers, as prophetesses, as deputies for exiled royalist husbands, as writers of religious and political tracts.1. All of the following are characteristics of Early Modern England EXCEPT .A. womens merits were extolled in publicationsB. womens opinions were not askedC. women were subject to their husbandsD. women were often referred to2. Elizabethan women writers began to write novel articles NOT because .A. there was struggle against womens subordinationB. they were better educatedC. they were materially independentD. they were inspired by heroines in literary works3. What did the religion do for the women?A. It did nothing.B. It appealed to the God.C. It supported women unconditionally.D. It asked women to be obedient except some texts.4. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that in the 17th century, women A. had a hard time in striving for their equal rights.B. made certain progress in their fight for equal rights.C. temporarily lost confidence in fighting for equal rights.D. triumphed over men in fighting fbr equal rights.5. What is the best title for this passage?A. Womens Position in the 17th CenturyB. Womens Subjection to PatriarchyC. Social Circumstances in the 17th CenturyD. Womens Rebellion in the 17th CenturyPassage 2 (12 points)I was in a student coffee bar during my first week at university soaking in the atmosphere第4页共13页汕头大学2021年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题when a lad from Oldham announced calmly that he intended to get a first in classics. He would work 25 hours a week, study five hours a day on the weekdays and leave the weekends free. That would be sufficient.I was vaguely committed to endless hours of work. I imagined that at some point I would spend weeks of intensive study. The vice-chancellor had told us in his address to freshers to look at the person on either side and note that in all probability one of us would not be around the following year. The message struck home: I would turn myself into a paragon of academic virtue. I could see that the classicist in the coffee bar had got it all wrong, or was bluffing.Three years later he sailed to his first whilst other friends struggled to very modest achievements. As I discovered when sharing his lodgings, he worked more or less to the plan he had outlined. He slept late in the mornings, only stirring himself if there was a lecture to attend. He played the cards with the rest of us after lunch. Then he moved to his desk and stayed there till around seven. The evenings he spent more wildly than mosthence the late mornings. Nevertheless, when I came to look back I realized he had studied more than anyone else I knew. Through sticking assiduously to a modest but well-defined, realistic plan, he had achieved a great deal. He had eryoyed work much more, too. He argued that it was not possible to work productively at intensive intellectual tasks for more than a few hours at a time. I aimed to do much more. But I was easily distracted. By the time it was apparent that stretches of a day had slipped away, I felt so guilty that I blotted studies out of my mind, comforting myself with the thought of all the days which lay ahead.I was too inexperienced at looking after my own affairs to realize I was already failing one of the major tests of studenthood, the organization of time. I thought that success in studying was to do with how brilliantly clever and original you were; I had yet to discover that one of the central challenges of adult life is time management.At school the work timetable was defined for us and teachers made sure we fitted all that was required into the school year. At university I was at sea. Time came in great undifferentiated swathes. What to do with it all? Individuals vary and different subjects make different demands. Nevertheless with a target you can plan your studies, not just stumble ahead in hope. The sketchiest of weekly timetables, setting aside 40 hours to cover all study, is an invaluable aid in defining time. Then you can divide it into segments and use it strategically, rather than let it dribble away.Defining what to do is harder. Take the booklists. How many books are students expected to read? How long should a book take? It took me so long to read just a few pages that I felt defeated when I looked ahead. I would sit in the library for a whole day, dipping into one book after another, often with glazed-over eyes. By comparison I went to lectures gratefully一at least I knew when they started and finished. Although my lecture notes werent up to much, I could tell myself I had accomplished something, which would bring down my anxiety level.Much later I discovered I could learn a great deal from a close reading of selected sections; that taking notes could sometimes be very satisfying and at other times was not necessary. The trick was to take control; to decide what I wanted to find out. Dividing big jobs into small subtasks helps to bring work under control, and allows you to set targets and check your progress. There is so much pressure to be ambitiousto go for the long dissertation, to read the huge tomes. Yet achievement arises out of quite modest activities undertaken on a small scale. The trouble with the big tasks is that you keep putting them off. Their scope and shape is unclear and we all flee from uncertainty. The more you can define your work as small, discrete, concrete tasks, the more control you have over it.Organizing tasks into the time available can itself be divided into strategy and application. It is useful to think of yourself as investing time. Some tasks require intense concentration and need to be done at a prime time of day, when you are at your best and have time to spare. Others can be fitted in when you are tired, or as warm-up activities at the start of a session. Some, such as essay writing, may best be spread over several days. Some need to be done straight away.There are few reliable guidelines. Essentially you have to keep circling round a self-monitoring loop: plan an approach to a task, try it out, reflect afterwards on your success in achieving what you intended and then revise your strategy.Once you start to think strategically, you begin to take control of your studies rather than letting them swamp you.6. The vice-chancellors speech the writer.A. amused B. failed to convince C. frightenedD. inspired7. The lad from Oldhams time at university was than the writer.A. less successfulB. more intellectualC. more funD. more strenuous8. Different from school, university requires students of the ability to .A. do independent researchB. manage their study timeC. deal with several courses simultaneouslyD. overcome difficulties in study9. Towards the end of his time at university the writer .A. gave up hope B. organized himself betterC. worked harder D. wrote a long dissertation10. The writer recommends .A. studying for a short time every dayB. finishing one task before starting anotherC. studying only when you are alertD. deciding when each kind of task is best done11. Circling round a self-monitoring loop in the second to the last paragraph means .A. approaching your studies in a roundabout wayB. continuing to study for a long timeC. planning your study methodsD. evaluating the success of your study methodsPassage 3 (8 points)From the Chrysler Corporation to the Central Intelligence Agency, cultural diversity programs are flourishing in American organizations today. Firms can no longer safely assume that every employee walking in the door has similar beliefs or expectations. Whereas North American white males may believe in challenging authority, Asians tend to respect and defer to it. In Hispanic cultures, people often bring music, food, and family members to work, a custom that U.S. businesses have traditionally not allowed. A job applicant who wont make eye contact during an interview may be rejected for being unapproachable, when according to her culture, she was just being polite.As a larger number of women, minorities, and immigrants enter the US work force, the workplace is growing more diverse. It is estimated that by 2008 women will make up about 48 percent of the US work force, and African Americans and Hispanics will each account for about 11 percent; by the year 2050, minorities will make up over 50 percent of the American population.Cultural diversity refers to the differences among people
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