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2018年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 （ 重要提示 ：答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题上不给分） 考试科目 代码 812 考试科目名称 语法与翻译 I. Choose from the following four choices marked A, B, C, and D in each sentence the one that best suits the sentence, and write the corresponding capital letters in the numbered group of five in the answer sheet (see the following model ).There are 50 sentences in all, each of which is worth one point. (50 points) Model: 1 5: ABCDA, 6 10: ABCDA 1115： ACBCA， 16 20： BDBAC 1. There were different names for the hidden people: fairies, elves, pixies, leprechauns, brownies, and goblins, to name but _. A. a few B. few C. a little D. little 2. When the second plane struck the World Trade Center, she began _. A. to run for north B. running north C. running to north D. to run to north 3. She often thinks that her six years in Italy were wasted, _ she _ that time learning more Italian. A. but that; might have taken B. for that; should have found C. in that; could have spent D. with that; would have used 4. The women ran down to assist them in bringing up their seals; but no sooner _ the house than a voice was heard in the passage, and a man entered. A. after they re-enter B. had they re-entered C. were they to re-enter D. when they had re-entered 5. “ I love you, and because I love you, I would sooner _ me for telling you the truth than adore me for telling you lies.” - Pietro Aretino quotes. A. made you dislike B. to let you admire C. have you hate D. you distaste for 6. Mrs. Frisbee was a real estate broker, _ she liked, but she was also drawn to the stimulation and variety of the city after years in the suburbs raising children. A. that B. which C. what D. for which 7. Thomas Williams was stopped by the police as he came out of Blueys Club on Talbot Road, Notting Hill. He _ a piece of iron down his left trouser leg, a petrol bomb in his right pocket and a razor blade in his inside breast pocket: “I have to protect myself,” he told the arresting officer. A. found to have B. was found to have C. found having D. was found having 8. A few years ago, computers were used only in business, in medicine, and for scientific research, _ these days they are common in almost all schools. A. though B. whereas C. so D. therefore 9. It was odd that you _ for Margies address. I just got a letter from her - the first one since her family moved on August 1, 1983. A. should have asked B. would have asked 第 1 页（共 6 页） C. shall ask D. might ask 10. Well, really _ now is start learning what to do with this software and read a lot of tutorials, learn and practice _ you can. A. what you should do; as much as B. that you need do; whatever C. how you should start; the most D. as should you do; the longest hours 11. When Steve Fossett first attempted his solo balloon flight around the world, he _ that he would encounter 10 days of thunderstorms over Argentina. Consequently, his balloon was damaged and he was forced to end his trip. A. wasnt anticipating B. wouldnt anticipate C. had anticipated not D. had not anticipated 12. They _ such a big van _ the price of gas would skyrocket. A. would have bought; if they knew B. wouldnt have bought; had they known C. wouldnt have bought; if had they known D. wouldnt have bought; did they know 13. There can be _ places for a refreshing holiday than the Castle Hotel. A. fewer good B. few good C. few better D. less few 14. Isnt his wife bedridden? _. A. Ive been so told B. Ive so been told C. So have I been told D. So Ive been told 15. Most insulation devices of this kind, _ manufactured for such purposes, are extremely expensive to install. A. that are B. which is C. those are D. as are 16. Two-thirds of the U.S. basketball players are black, and the number would be greater _ the continuing practice of picking white bench warmers for the sake of balance. A. was it not because of B. had it not been for C. were it not for D. would it not have been for 17. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything _ going on in the world. A. it is B. there is C. as is D. what is 18. The Portuguese give a great deal of credit to one man for having promoted sea travel, that man _ prince Henry the navigator, who lived in the 15th century. A. was B. was called C. calling D. being 19. She _ much more accurate responses now, had she taken more pains in devising the questions. A. got B. would have got C. had got D. would be getting 20. Just as there are occupations that require college or even higher degrees, _ occupations for which technical training is necessary. A. so too there are B. so also there are C. so there are too D. so too are there 21. Although of course there are exceptions, it seems reasonably clear that in certain countries - Rwanda, Somalia, and parts of the former Yugoslavia come to mind- hunger is less a result of an absolute food shortage, _ a policy decision or the political situation. A. than of B. rather than C. but the result of D. than is 22. Prof. Flynn found no students in the lecture hall when he arrived. Only then did he realize that he came _ early. 第 2 页（共 6 页） A. too much B. so much C. much too D. much so 23. The examination has been cancelled. You _ all that review, after all. A. didnt need to do B. neednt do C. neednt have done D. neednt to do 24. Weve just installed central heating, _ should make a tremendous difference to the house next winter. A. what B. that C. it D. which 25. _ in India, the banana was brought to the Americas by the Portuguese who found it in Africa. A. Originally cultivated B. Having originally cultivated C. Originally being cultivated D. Although it originally cultivated 26. The police chief announced that the deaths of two young girls would soon be inquired _. A. about B. of C. into D. after 27. Perhaps I should not have done so, but I changed my mind about the new job even though I was _ last week. A. to be started B. to have started C. to have been starting D. start 28. My friend Paul was badly taken in when he paid $1000 for that second-hand car; it was not worth _. A. that all much B. all that much C. that much all D. much all that 29. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent _. A. it is the American antelope B. being the American antelope C. is the American antelope D. the American antelope is 30. The greater the population there is in a locality, _ for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse. A. the greater the need there is B. is there great need C. greater need D. the more greater need 31. _ by transferring the blames to others is often called scapegoating. A. Eliminate problems B. Eliminating problems C. The eliminated problems D. Problems being eliminated 32. Believe it or not, last year Matt earned _ his brother, who has a better position in a big company. A. as twice much as B. twice as much as C.as twice much as D. as much twice as 33. His duty fulfilled, Henry felt a great weight _ off his mind. A. taking B. to take C. taken D. took 34. While crossing the mountain areas, all the men had guns for protection lest they_ by the local bandits. A. be attacked B. must be attacked C. were attacked D. would be attacked 35. Richard came home at midnight, _ which time all the guests had left. A. after B. by C. to D. during 36. If the whole project _ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost. A. was not planned B. has not been planned C. had not been planned D. were not planned 37. no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom. A. There was B. Due C. As to D. There being 38. It is certain that no food is as good as earned by ones own labor, whether physical or mental. A. such B. that C. what D. one 39. _ she disliked the ideas of marriage, she that political reasons might make it necessary. A. Much as B. As much C. Much though D. Tough much 40. It is essential that applicants whose first language is not English _ sufficient language competence to 第 3 页（共 6 页） avoid any delay or difficulty in pursuing their studies. A. had obtained B. would have obtained C. should have obtained D. must obtained 41. _is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer. A. That B. Which C. As D. It 42. In radio and television _ impossible to draw the line between news and entertainment programs. A. frequently is B. are frequently C. it is frequently D. where they are frequently 43. The tall fellow over there is _ the great mathematician, Bill Wolliams, himself. A. no other but B. no one than C. no other than D. none other than 44. High levels of hazardous waste _ in soil near many nuclear defense facilities. A. have been measured B. has been measured C. is measuring D. are measuring 45. It was so inconceivable that he should have stolen the money _ the suggestion was made that he might have been threatened. A. which B. what C. that D. but 46. _ I would like to help you. Im afraid Im simply too busy at the moment. A. Much as B. As much C. Though much D. Much though 47. There was no sign that Mr.Jospin, who keeps a firm control on the party despite _ from leadership of it, would intervene personally. A. being resigned B. having resigned C. going to resign D. resign 48. An extensive foundation in the basic sciences should be required of all science students, _. A. whether they are future physicists or chemists B. be they future physicists or chemists C. they are further physicists or chemists D. they should be further physicists or chemists 49. The university board of trustees deemed it urgent that a new provost _ to replace Mr. Dannison who had been diagnosed with cancer. A. be selected B. would be selected C. must be selected D. was selected 50. Alcoholism, drug abuse and _ violence are all unfortunate side-effects of city life, _ the high crime rate guarantees suspicion, social isolation and loneliness for many. A. domesticated; therefore B. domiciliary; as C. household; furthermore D. domestic; whilst II. Enlarge and complicate following sentences without changing their sentence types, and then underline the original sentence elements. Your developed sentences should be grammatical and logical. There are five sentences in all, each of which is worth four points. (20 points) Model: The governments shall take measures. For the sake of popularizing Putonghua and the standardized Chinese characters, the governments at various levels and the relevant departments under them shall definitely take appropriate measures. 1. Wheres the watch? 2. Paul called. 3. Have a look. 4. I shant sing. 第 4 页（共 6 页） 5. We elected Peter chairman. III. Put the following two passages into English. (40 points) (A) 三江源地处青藏高原腹地，是长江、黄河、澜沧江的发源地，长江总水量的 25%，黄河总水量的49%和澜沧江总水量的 15%都来自这一地区，因此被称为“中华水塔”、“地球之肾”。 20 世纪中叶以来，人类大规模排放污染性气体，破坏森林，带来了物种灭绝等严重后果，导致世界进入了科学家所说的人类世纪。 在三江源 地区，像索索一样的生态管护员并不在少数。根据山林水草湖一体化管理的要求，青海的玉树和果洛州，都相继出台了生态管护公益岗位机制，保护环境的同时，也帮牧民脱贫减困。 正如习总书记所说：要像保护眼睛一样，保护生态环境，像对待生命一样对待生态环境。 (B) 把外文译成中文，我们虽然是中国人，我们的中文够吗？我以为，我们要读通中文，写通顺的各文体中文，仅仅能写普通的白话文就嫌不够。要能写新闻、社论、商业文件、政府公告、诗歌、小说、学术论 文。小说家会写小说已经够了，其实也不够，因为小说里会有许多文件，他都要学得来。所以译者要有诗词古文的底子，他该读过四书五经、朱子、唐诗宋词、元曲，还要能写极好的白话文。大学中文系的学生要做到这一点都不容易， 不要说别人了。把白话文写通顺，并不如国学大师想象那么容易，更不要说各种文体了。比如说我们能写旧诗吗？或者新诗？现在有一篇总统的文告，我们能翻吗？甚至广告都另有一套。我们会吗？ IV. Put the following two passages into Chinese. (40 points) (A) Translation and Diversity Cultural diversity is closely tied to linguistic diversity. Losing your language means losing a part of your cultural identity. Translation is important both to maintaining and learning from a culture. Globalisation brings greater international cooperation, but the downside of that can be cultural homogenisation, which in turn threatens diversity. In an effort to access global markets effectively, products and services are often translated with sensitivity to the target culture, rather than imposing the culture of the source content. This type of translation, called localisation, thus supports diversity. Language transcends physical barriers of distance, borders and time. Translation of literature and other culture-specific material, such as foreign film through subtitling and dubbing, is different from localisation. In contrast to localisation, this type of translation typically aims to open a window to the source culture, and thus helps share local insights and alternative views of the world, giving the experience of another culture through ones own language. Both localisation and source-culture-specific translation are challenging intellectual tasks that involve much more than mechanically matching up the words and phrases of two languages. Only skilled human translators are able to perform these creative types of translation, which help us maintain our own culture and learn from other cultures, respectively. (B) When Larry and Sergey founded Google in 1998, there were about 300 million people online. By and large, they were sitting in a chair, logging on to a desktop machine, typing searches on a big keyboard connected to a big, bulky monitor. 第 5 页（共 6 页） Today, that number is around 3 billion people, many of them searching for information on tiny devices they carry with them wherever they go. In many ways, the founding mission of Google back in 98“to organize the worlds information and make it universally accessible and useful”is even truer and more important to tackle today, in a world where people look to their devices to help organize their day, get them from one place to another, and keep in touch. The mobile phone really has become the remote control for our daily lives, and were communicating, consuming, educating, and entertaining ourselves, on our phones, in ways unimaginable just a few years ago. 第 6 页（共 6 页）
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