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考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 10 页 第 1 页 2018 年招收攻读 硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（A 卷）*学科、专业名称：外国语言文学 研究方向：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学考试科目名称：外语（英）水平考试 考试科目代码：706考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。 Part I. Vocabulary and Structure (30 points)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.1. His work shed _yet necessary light on an important way to slow the spread of this deadly virus.A. provisional B. seductive C. insulting D. disturbing 2. The new chemical will _ this kind of insects in this area. A. eliminate B. prosecute C. quench D. quilt3. I have to say this, but this coat youve just bought is made of _ fur; it is not real mink.A. coarse B. genuine C. slippery D. counterfeit4. Plastic bags are useful for holding many kinds of food, _ their cleanness, toughness and low cost.A. by virtue of B. in addition to C. for the sake of D. as opposed to5. It must guarantee freedom of expression to the end that all _ to the flow of ideas shall be removed. A. prophecies B. transactions C. arguments D. hindrances6.This warm air was, needless to say, the perfect environment for the rapid growth of disease-carrying _ originating from outside the building.A. germ B. microbe C. fungus D. bacteria 7. Traditionally, a dark suit is _ to a light one for evening wear.A. alternate B. choosable C. selective D. preferable8. I have replaced my old _ typewriter with an electric one. A. artificial B. manual C. automatic D. synthetic考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 10 页 第 2 页 9. Four police officers sustained _ in the explosion.A. ruins B. injuries C. damages D. spoils10.The professor found himself constantly_ the question: “How could anyone do these things?” A. presiding B. poring C. pondering D. presuming11. Weeks _ before anyone was arrested in connection with the bank robbery.A. terminated B. elapsed C. overlapped D. expired12. His attempt to _ the two friends failed because they had complete faith in each other.A. alienate B. abuse C. alleviate D. abandon13. Building the Birds Nest calls for giant curving beams which crisscross in an _ pattern of woven steel.A. intuitive B. intensive C. intrinsic D. intricate14. Older, less dogmatic theories better explained how the problems in the financial _ dragged down the rest of the economy. A. charter B. session C. chapel D. sector 15. Language may be _ of as a process which arises from social interaction.A. comprised B. conceived C. disposed D. deprived16. I meant _ the matter with you, but I had some guests there.A. discuss B. discussing C. having discussed D. to have discussed17. Any student _ in chess can apply for membership.A. have a keen interest B. with a keen interest C. who is keenly interested D. when keenly interesting18. _, she stood at the front door waiting for her husband to return.A. Being finished prepared dinner B. Having finished preparing dinner C. Finished preparing dinner D. Having finished to prepare dinner19. All this leads to a population in the twenty-first century that is smaller_ feared few years ago.A. than was B. that was C. than that D. it was20. _ will Mr. Peter be able to regain control of the company.A. Only hard work B. Only if he works hard C. With hard work D. In spite of his hard work21. One of the requirements for a fire is that the material _ to its burning temperature.A. heated B. be heated C. to be heated D. being heated考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 10 页 第 3 页 22. The earthquake _ not have come at a worse time for the war-torn country.A. could B. must C. might D. should23. The boy students in this school are nearly_ as the girl students to say they intend to get a college degree in business.A. twice as likely B. likely as twice C. as twice likely D. as likely twice24. If the whole operation _ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost.A. was not planned B. has not been planned C. had not been planned D. were not planned25. Apple pie is _ neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value. A. at itself B. as itself C. on itself D. in itself26. _ us earlier, _ your request to the full.A. You have contacted we could comply withB. Had you contacted we could have complied with C. You had contacted could we have complied withD. Have you contacted we could comply with27. The explosion on the sun cannot be heard, there_ no air between the earths atmosphere and the sun.A. is B. was C. being D. be28. _ by the host added to his uneasiness.A. His neglecting B. His being neglected C. He is neglected D. He had been neglected29. Every man, woman and child in this community_ now aware of the terrible consequences of the habit of smoking. A. is B. are C. was D. were30. As a result, the mission of the school, along with the culture of the classroom, _. A. was slowly to change B. are slowly changed C. is slowly changed D. have slowly changedPart II. Proof-reading and Error Correction（10 points）Directions:Proofread the given passage as instructed. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: For a wrong word Underline the wrong and write the correct one in the blank provided on the answer sheet. For a missing word Mark the position of the missing word with a 考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 10 页 第 4 页 “ ” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided on the answer sheet. For an unnecessary word Cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/” and put the word in the blank provided on the answer sheet. Status symbols are signs that identify their possessors place in a social hierarchy, markers of rank and prestigious. We can all think any number of status symbolsRolls-Royces, Beverly Hills mansions, even Shar Pei puppies (whose rareness and expense has rocketed them beyond Russian wolfhounds as status pets and has even aspired whole lines of wrinkle-faced stuffed toys)but how do we know that something is a status symbol? The explain is quite simple: when an object (or puppy) either costs a lot of money or requires influential connections to possess it, anyone who possesses it must also possess the necessity means and influence to acquire it. The object itself really doesnt matter, since it ultimate disappears behind the presumed social impotency of its owner. Semiotically, what matters is the signal it sends, its value as a sign of power. One traditional sign of social extinction is owning a country estate and enjoying the peace and privacy that attend it. Advertisements for Mercedes-Benz, Jaguar, and Audi automobiles thus frequently feature motoring quietly along a country road, presumably on their way to or from their country houses.1. _2. _3. _4. _5. _6. _7. _8. _9. _10. _Part III. Cloze (20 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. You are required to read the passage and fill in each bank with a word from the word bank, and change the form where necessary. Do not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.adopt toward economy contribute thrive pick up quantumreach urban by initiate coordinate implement withremain outbound reserve region get up in ruralastronomy endeavor lead supply-side考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 10 页 第 5 页 We have 1 committed to the new development philosophy, 2 the right approach to development, and 3 to transform the growth model. The result has been a constant improvement in the quality and effect of development. The economy has maintained a medium-high growth rate, making China a 4 among the major 5 . With the gross domestic product rising from 54 trillion to 80 trillion Yuan, China has maintained its position as the worlds second largest economy and 6 more than 30 percent of global economic growth. 7 structural reform has made further headway, bringing a steady improvement in the economic structure. Emerging industries like the digital economy are 8 ; the construction of high-speed railways, highways, bridges, ports, airports, and other types of infrastructure has 9 pace. Agricultural modernization has steadily advanced, with annual grain production 10 600 million metric tons. The level of 11 has risen 12 an annual average of 1.2 percentage points, and more than 80 million people who have moved from rural to urban areas have gained permanent urban residency. Regional development has become more balanced; the Belt and Road 13 , the 14 development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt have all made notable progress. Through devoting great energy to 15 the innovation-driven development strategy, we have seen much accomplished 16 making China a country of innovators, 17 major advances made in science and technology, including the successful launch of Tiangong-2 space lab, the commissioning of the deep-sea manned submersible Jiaolong and of the five-hundred-meter aperture spherical telescope (FAST) Tianyan, the launch of the dark matter probe satellite Wukong and the 18 science satellite Mozi, and the test flight of the airliner C919. Construction on islands and reefs in the South China Sea has seen steady progress. The new institutions of the open economy have been steadily improved. China now leads the world in trade, 19 investment, and foreign exchange 20 .Part IV. Reading Comprehension (30 points) Directions: In this section, there are three passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer and write the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage 1 Since 1992, the U.S. has offered Israel an additional $ 2 billion annually in loan guarantees. Congressional researchers have disclosed that between 1974 and 1989, $ 16.4 billion in U. S. military 考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 10 页 第 6 页 loans were converted to grants and that this was the understanding from the beginning. Indeed, all past U.S. loans to Israel have eventually been forgiven by Congress, which has undoubtedly helped Israels often-touted claim that they have never defaulted on a U.S. government loan. U.S. policy since 1984 has been that economic assistance to Israel must equal or exceed Israels debt repayment to the United States. Unlike other countries, which receive aid in quarterly installments, aid to Israel since 1982 has been given in a lump sum at the beginning of the fiscal year, leaving the U.S. government to borrow from future revenues. Israel even lends some of this money back through U.S. treasury bills and collects the additional interest. In addition, there is more than $ 1.5 billion in private U.S. funds that goes to Israel annually in the form of $ 1 billion in private tax-deductible donations and $ 500 million in Israeli bonds. The ability of Americans to make what amounts to tax-deductible contributions to a foreign government, made possible through a number of Jewish charities, does not exist with any other country. Nor do these figures include short-and-long term commercials loans from U. S. banks, which have been as high as $ 1 billion annually in recent years.Total U. S. aid to Israel is approximately one-third of the American foreign-aid budget, even though Israel comprises just 0.001 percent of the worlds population and already has one of the worlds higher per capita incomes. Indeed, Israels GNP is higher than the combined GNP of Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, the West Bank and Gaza. With a per capita income of about $ 14,000, Israel ranks as the sixteenth wealthiest country in the world; Israelis enjoy a higher per capita income than oil-rich Saudi Arabia and are only slightly less well-off than most Western European countries.AID does not term economic aid to Israel as developmental assistance, but instead uses the term “economic support funding”. Given Israels relative prosperity, U.S. aid to Israel is becoming increasingly controversial. In 1994, Yossi Beilen, deputy foreign minister of Israel and a Knesset member, told the Womens International Zionist Organization, “If our economic situation is better than many of your countries, how can we go on asking for your charity?”1. According to the passage, American economic assistance to Israel took all the following forms EXCEPT_.A. private fundsB. commercial loans from U. S. banksC. government grantsD. government donations2. What is the writers attitude towards American economic aid to Israel?A. Appreciative.B. Disapproving.C. Ambiguous. D. Difficult to tell.3. What is the main reason why U.S. aid to Israel is becoming controversial? A. The large sum of loans to Israel.B. American financial situation. C. The relative prosperity of Israels economy. D. Survey of U. S. Congressional researchers.4. The words of the deputy foreign minister of Israel indicate that _.A. Jewish charities provided great help for Israel B. Israel actually doesnt deserve American economic aid C. American is obliged to give Israel economic aid考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 10 页 第 7 页 D. Israels economy is worsening.5. It can be inferred from Israels “often-touted claim” that _.A. Israel was satisfied with the ability in repaying all the loans from AmericaB. U. S. government should not worry about the Israels economic development. C. U.S. economic aid to Israel was a wrong decision. D. American economic assistance to Israel was successful.Passage 2 What might driving on an automated highway be like？The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special-purpose lane system，in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system: fully automated vehicles would s
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