2002年考研英语试题及答案.pdf

徽学长研究生公益服务团队 微信公众号：AK-509 百度贴吧：徽学长 微信扫一扫，考研资讯、考研答疑、考研资料 2002 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题 (一)National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates (2002)考生注意事项1. 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则, 得到监考人员指令后方可开始答题。2. 答题前, 考生应将答题卡上的”考生姓名”、”报考单位”、”考试语种”、”考生编号”等信息填写清楚, 并与准考证上的一致。3. 全国硕士研究生入学考试英语分为试题 (一) 、试题 (二) 。4. 本试题为试题 (一), 共4页 (14页) 。考生必须在规定的时间内作答。 5. 试题 (一) 为听力部分。该部分共有 A、B、C三节, 所有答案都应填写或填涂在答题卡1上。A、B两节必须用蓝 (黑) 圆珠笔答题, 注意字迹清楚。C节必须用2B铅笔按照答题卡上的要求填涂, 如要改动, 必须用橡皮擦干净。6. 听力考试进行时, 考生应先将答案写或标记在试题上, 然后在听力部分结束前专门留出的 5分钟内, 将答案整洁地誊写或转涂到答题卡 1上。仅写或标记在试题上不给分。Section I Listening ComprehensionDirections:This Section is designed to test your ability to understand spokenEnglish. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in thissection, Part A, Part B and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down youranswers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehensionsection, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from yourtest booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part A 徽学长研究生公益服务团队 微信公众号：AK-509 百度贴吧：徽学长 微信扫一扫，考研资讯、考研答疑、考研资料 Directions:For Questions 1-5, you will hear an introduction about the life ofMargaret Welch. While you listen, fill out the table with the informationyouve heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table.Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear therecording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5points) Welchs Personal InformationPlace of Birth PhiladelphiaYear of Birth 1901Transfer to Barnard University (Year) 1920 Major at University 1Final Degree PhDYear of Marriage 1928Growing Up In New Guinea Published (Year) 2Field Study in the South Pacific (Age) 3Main Interest 4Professorship at Columbia Started (Year) 5Death (Age) 77Part B Directions:For questions 6-10, you will hear a talk by a well-known U.S. journalist.While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Usenot more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice.You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. (5points)Besides reporters, who else were campedout for days outside the speakershome? 6 徽学长研究生公益服务团队 微信公众号：AK-509 百度贴吧：徽学长 微信扫一扫，考研资讯、考研答疑、考研资料 One reporter got to the speakersapartment pretending to pay. 7The speaker believed the reporterwanted a picture of her looking 8Where is a correction to a false storyusually placed? 9According to the speaker, the presswill lose readers unless the editorsand the news directors 10Part CDirections: You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to eachone, you will have time to read the questions related to it. Whilelistening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. Afterlistening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear eachpiece once only. (10 points)Questions 11-13 are based on a report about childrens healthydevelopment. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11-13.11. What unusual question may doctors ask when giving kids a checkup nexttime? A How much exercise they get every day.B What they are most worried about.C How long their parents accompany them daily.D What entertainment they are interested in. 12. The academy suggests that children under age two _.A get enough entertainmentB have more activitiesC receive early educationD have regular checkups13. According to the report, childrens bedrooms should _.A be no place for play 徽学长研究生公益服务团队 微信公众号：AK-509 百度贴吧：徽学长 微信扫一扫，考研资讯、考研答疑、考研资料 B be near a common areaC have no TV setsD have a computer for studyQuestions 14-16 are based on the following talk about how to save money.You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16.14. According to the speaker, what should one pay special attention toif he wants to save up?A Family debts.B Bank savings.C Monthly bills.D Spending habits. 15. How much can a person save by retirement if he gives up his pack-a-dayhabit?A $190,000.B $330,000.C $500,000.D $1,000,000.16. What should one do before paying monthly bills, if he wants toaccumulate wealth?A Invest into a mutual fund.B Use the discount tickets.C Quit his eating-out habit. D Use only paper bills and save coins.Questions 17-20 are based on an interview with Herbert A. Glieberman,a domestic-relations lawyer. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions17-20.17. Which word best describes the lawyers prediction of the change indivorce rate?A FallB Rise 徽学长研究生公益服务团队 微信公众号：AK-509 百度贴吧：徽学长 微信扫一扫，考研资讯、考研答疑、考研资料 C V-shapeD Zigzag18. What do people nowadays desire to do concerning their marriage?A To embrace changes of thought.B To adapt to the disintegrated family life.C To return to the practice in the 60s and 70s.D To create stability in their lives.19. Why did some people choose not to divorce 20 years ago?A They feared the complicated procedures.B They wanted to go against the trend. C They were afraid of losing face.D they were willing to stay together.20. Years ago a divorced man in a company would have _.A been shifted around the country.B had difficulty being promoted.C enjoyed a happier life.D tasted little bitterness of disgrace.You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test bookletto ANSWER SHEET 1.THIS IS THE END OF SECTION I DO NOT READ OR WORK ON THE NEXT SECTIONUNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO CONTINUE全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题 (二)National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates (2002)考生注意事项1. 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则，得到监考人员指令后方可开始答题。2. 全国硕士研究生入学考试英语分为试题 (一) 、试题 (二) 。3. 本试题为试题 (二)，共11页(515页)，含有英语知识运用、阅读理解、 徽学长研究生公益服务团队 微信公众号：AK-509 百度贴吧：徽学长 微信扫一扫，考研资讯、考研答疑、考研资料 写作三个部分。英语知识运用、阅读理解A节的答案必须用2B铅笔按要求直接填涂在答题卡 1上，如要改动，必须用橡皮擦干净。阅读理解 B节和写作部分必须用蓝 (黑) 圆珠笔在答题卡2上答题，注意字迹清楚。4. 考试结束后，考生应将答题卡 1、答题卡 2 一并装入原试卷袋中，将试题(一)、试题 (二) 交给监考人员。Section IIUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blankand mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 大21家 . As was discussed before, it was not大22家 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominantpre-electronic 大23家 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and thebook and in the 大24家 of the periodical. It was during the same timethat the communications revolution 大25家 up, beginning withtransport, the railway, and leading 大26家 through the telegraph, thetelephone, radio, and motion pictures 大27家 the 20th-century worldof the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in 大28家 . It is important to do so.It is generally recognized, 大29家 , that the introduction of thecomputer in the early 20th century, 大30家 by the invention of theintegrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process,大31家 its impact on the media was not immediately 大32家 . As timewent by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became 徽学长研究生公益服务团队 微信公众号：AK-509 百度贴吧：徽学长 微信扫一扫，考研资讯、考研答疑、考研资料 “personal” too, as well as 大33家 , with display becoming sharperand storage 大34家 increasing. They were thought of, like people,大35家 generations, with the distance between generations much大36家 .It was within the computer age that the term “information society”began to be widely used to describe the 大37家 within which we nowlive. The communications revolution has 大38家 both work and leisureand how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 大39家 views about its economic, political, social and culturalimplications. “Benefits” have been weighed 大40家 “harmful”outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.21. A betweenB beforeC sinceD later22. A afterB byC during D until23. A meansB methodC mediumD measure24. A processB company 徽学长研究生公益服务团队 微信公众号：AK-509 百度贴吧：徽学长 微信扫一扫，考研资讯、考研答疑、考研资料 C lightD form25. A gatheredB speededC workedD picked26. A onB outC overD off 27. A ofB forC beyondD into28. A conceptB dimensionC effectD perspective29. A indeedB hence C howeverD therefore30. A broughtB followedC stimulatedD characterized31. A unlessB since 徽学长研究生公益服务团队 微信公众号：AK-509 百度贴吧：徽学长 微信扫一扫，考研资讯、考研答疑、考研资料 C lestD although32. A apparentB desirableC negativeD plausible33. A institutionalB universalC fundamentalD instrumental 34. A abilityB capabilityC capacityD faculty35. A by means ofB in terms ofC with regard toD in line with36. A deeperB fewer C nearerD smaller37. A contextB rangeC scopeD territory38. A regardedB impressed 徽学长研究生公益服务团队 微信公众号：AK-509 百度贴吧：徽学长 微信扫一扫，考研资讯、考研答疑、考研资料 C influencedD effected39. A competitiveB controversialC distractingD irrational40. A aboveB uponC againstD with Section III Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text bychoosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points) Text 1If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you mustknow how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor mustbe relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you areone of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, theproblems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers,you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries;alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to commenton their disorganized bosses.Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses convention, of a storywhich works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors.A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He seeswonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on.Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line 徽学长研究生公益服务团队 微信公众号：AK-509 百度贴吧：徽学长 微信扫一扫，考研资讯、考研答疑、考研资料 for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a whitecoat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps overto a table by himself. “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter.“Oh, thats God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks hes adoctor.”If you are part of the group, which you are addressing, you will bein a position to know the experiences and problems which are common toall of you and itll be appropriate for you to make a passing remarkabout the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notorious bad tastein ties. With other audiences you mustnt attempt to cut in with humoras they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about theircanteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick toscapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuffremarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Oftenits the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowlyand remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help toshow that you are making a light-hearted remark.Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist ona familiar quote “If at first you dont succeed, give up” or a playon words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements.Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you canturn about and inject with humor.41. To make your humor work, you should _.A take advantage of different kinds of audienceB make fun of the disorganized people C address different problems to different peopleD show sympathy for your listeners42. The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are_.A impolite to new arrivalsB very conscious of their godlike roleC entitled to some privilegesD very busy even during lunch hours 徽学长研究生公益服务团队 微信公众号：AK-509 百度贴吧：徽学长 微信扫一扫，考研资讯、考研答疑、考研资料 43. It can be inferred from the text that public services _.A have benefited many peopleB are the focus of public attentionC are an inappropriate subject for humorD have often been the laughing stock44. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered_.A in well-worded languageB as awkwardly as possibleC in exaggerated statementsD as casually as possible 45. The best title for the text may be _.A Use Humor EffectivelyB Various Kinds of HumorC Add Humor to SpeechD Different Humor StrategiesText 2Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever morecunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome,or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics - thescience of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And ifscientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction,they have begun to come close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated byintelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universalexistence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythmof robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminalsthat thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subwaytrains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to thecontinual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there arealready robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bonesurgery with submillimeter accuracy - far greater precision than highlyskilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. 徽学长研究生公益服务团队 微信公众号：AK-509 百度贴吧：徽学长 微信扫一扫，考研资讯、考研答疑、考研资料 But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility,they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to makeat least a few decisions for themselves - goals that pose a realchallenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,”says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we cant yetgive a robot enough common sense to reliably interact with a dynamicworld.”Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced verymixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970swhen it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might beable to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researcherslately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the humanbrains roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented - and human perception far more complicated - than previously imagined.They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panelby a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. Butthe human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediatelydisregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusingon themonkey atthe side of a windingforest road or the single suspiciousface in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth cantapproach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still dont knowquite how we do it.46. Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in