2018南京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语真题.pdf

科目代码：211 科目名称：翻译硕士英语 第1 页 共7 页 南京航空航天大学 2018 年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题 （ A卷 ） 科目代码: 211 科目名称: 翻译硕士英语 满分: 100 分 注意: 认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无 效；本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！ I. Vocabulary and Structure (20 points) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then write down your answer on the Answer Sheet. 1. Since the couple would not _ their differences, they decided to get a divorce. A. resign B. comply C. coincide D. reconcile 2. Alone in a deserted house, he was so busy with his research work that he felt _ lonely. A. everything but B. all but C. anything but D. nothing but 3. If each manager makes his usual speech, the meeting will be _ about 45 minutes. A. exceeded B. delayed C. prolonged D. expanded 4. The boys father said, “Youll learn what discipline is like when you go into the army. You cant do as you like there, you know, you have to _.” A. toe the line B. stay in the ring C. run the race D. keep your guard up 5. If profit and money are your first _, and commitment to people your least concern, you have failed education. A. potentiality B. priority C. superiority D. responsibility 6. Her stubbornness _ her in relationships with other people. A. prevailed B. prohibited C. hindered D. forbade 7. So far as he could, John had always tried to _ the example he saw in Lincoln. A. live up to B. set forth C. call for D. cut out 8. With sufficient scientific information a manned trip to Mars should be _. A. obtainable B. potential C. considerable D. feasible 9. The new safety regulations were agreed on after _ with the workforce. A. conference B. participation C. intervention D. consultation 10. There is not much time left; so Ill tell you about it _. A. in detail B. in belief C. in short D. in all 11. _ men have learned much from the behavior of animals is not new. A. That B. Those C. What D. Whether 12. He must have had an accident, or he _ then. A. would have been here B. had to be here C, should be here D. would be here 13. The second book was _ by August 1952, but two years later, the end was still nowhere insight. A. completed B. to have completed C. to complete D. to have been completed 14. Only by shouting at the top of his voice _. 科目代码：211 科目名称：翻译硕士英语 第2 页 共7 页 A. was he able to make himself hear B. he was able to make himself hear C. he was able to make himself heard D. was he able to make himself heard 15. Having no money but _ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner. A. not to want anyone B. not wanting anyone C. want no one D. to want no one 16. People who refuse to _ with the law will be punished. A. obey B. consent C. conceal D. comply 17. These excursions will give you an ever deeper _ into our language and culture. A. inquiry B. investigation C. input D. insight 18. Every society has its own peculiar customs and _ of acting. A. ways B. behavior C. attitudes D. means 19. If a person talks about his weak points, his listener is expected to say something in the way of _. A. assurance B. persuasion C. encouragement D. confirmation 20. China started its nuclear power industry only in recent years, and should _ no time in catching up. A. delay B. lose C. lag D. lessen II. Reading Comprehension (30 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. You should decide on the best choice and write down your answer on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1 The report from the Bureau of Labour Statistics was just as gloomy as anticipated. Unemployment in January jumped to a 16year high of 7.6 percent, as 598,000 jobs were slashed from US payrolls in the worst singlemonth decline since December, 1974. With 1.8 million jobs lost in the last three months, there is urgent desire to boost the economy as quickly as possible. But Washington would do well to take a deep breath before reacting to the grim numbers. Collectively, we rely on the unemployment figures and other statistics to frame our sense of reality. They are a vital part of an array of data that we use to assess if were doing well or doing badly, and that in turn shapes government policies and corporate budgets and personal spending decisions. The problem is that the statistics arent an objective measure of reality; they are simply a best approximation. Directionally, they capture the trends, but the idea that we know precisely how many are unemployed is a myth. That makes finding a solution all the more difficult. First, there is the way the data is assembled. The official unemployment rate is the product of a telephone survey of about 60,000 homes. There is another survey, sometimes referred to as the “payroll survey” that assesses 400,000 businesses based on their reported payrolls. Both surveys have problems. The payroll survey can easily doublecount someone: if you are one person with two jobs, you show up as two workers. The payroll survey also doesnt capture the number of selfemployed, and so says little about how many people are generating an independent income. The household survey has a larger problem. When asked straightforwardly, people tend to lie or shade the truth when the subject is sex, money or employment. If you get a call and are asked if youre employed, and you say yes, youre employed. If you say no, however, it may surprise you to learn that you are only unemployed if youve been actively looking for work in the past four weeks; otherwise, you are “marginally attached to the labour force” and not actually unemployed. The urge to quantify is embedded in our society. But the idea that statisticians can then capture an 科目代码：211 科目名称：翻译硕士英语 第3 页 共7 页 objective reality isnt just impossible. It also leads to serious misjudgments. Democrats and Republicans can and will take sides on a number of issues, but a more crucial concern is that both are basing major policy decisions on guesstimates rather than looking at the vast wealth of raw data with a critical eye and an open mind. 21. What do we learn from the first passage? A. The US economic situation is going from bad to worse. B. Washington is taking drastic measures to provide more jobs. C. The US government is slashing more jobs from its payrolls. D. The recent economic crisis has taken the US by surprise. 22. What does the author think of the unemployment figures and other statistics? A. They form a solid basis for policymaking C. They signal future economic trends B. They represent the current situation. D. They do fully reflect the reality. 23. One problem with the payroll survey is that _. A. it does not include all the businesses C. it magnifies the number of the jobless B. it fails to count in the selfemployed D. it does not treat all companies equally 24. The household survey can be faulty in that _. A. people tend to lie when talking on the phone B. not everybody is willing or ready to respond C. some people wont provide truthful information D. the definition of unemployment is too broad 25. At the end of the passage, the author suggests that _. A. statisticians improve their data assembling methods B. decisionmakers view the statistics with a critical eye C. politicians listen more before making policy decisions D. Democrats and Republicans cooperate on crucial issues. Passage 2 A few years back, the decision to move the Barnes, a respected American art institution, from its current location in the suburban town of Merion, Pa., to a site in Philadelphias museum district caused an argument not only because it shamelessly went against the will of the founder, Albert C. Barnes, but also because it threatened to dismantle a relationship among art, architecture and landscape critical to the Barness success as a museum. For any architect taking on the challenge of the new space, the confusion of moral and design questions might seem overwhelming. What is an architects responsibility to Barness vision of a marvelous but odd collection of early Modern artworks housed in a rambling 1920s BeauxArts pile? Is it possible to reproduce its spirit in such a changed setting? Or does trying to replicate the Barness unique atmosphere only doom you to failure? The answers of the New York architects taking the commission are not reassuring. The new Barnes will include many of the features that have become virtually mandatory in the museum world todayconservation and education departments, temporary exhibition space, auditorium, bookstore, caf making it four times the size of the old Barnes. The architects have tried to compensate for this by laying out these spaces in an elaborate architectural procession that is clearly intended to replicate the peacefulness, if not the fantastic charm, of the old museum. But the result is a complicated design. Almost every detail seems to ache from the strain of trying to preserve the spirit of the original building in a very different context. The failure to do so, despite such an earnest effort, is the strongest argument yet for why the Barnes should not be moved in the first place. 科目代码：211 科目名称：翻译硕士英语 第4 页 共7 页 The old Barnes is by no means an obvious model for a great museum. Inside the lighting is far from perfect, and the collection itself, mixing masterpieces by Cezanne, Picasso and Soutine with secondrate paintings by lesserknown artists, has a distinctly odd flavor. But these apparent flaws are also what have made the Barnes one of the countrys most charming exhibition spaces. But today the new Barnes is after a different kind of audience. Although museum officials say the existing limits on crowd size will be kept, it is clearly meant to draw bigger numbers and more tourists dollars. For most visitors the relationship to the art will feel less immediate. 26. The Old Barnes becomes a successful museum mainly because of _. A. the beneficial geographical position in a suburban town B. its unique design and orderly collection of arts C. the influence of its founder Albert C. Barnes D. the perfect connection among art, architecture and landscape 27. The biggest challenge architects face in building the new Barnes is _. A. the ethical and design problems B. the difficulty to retain its original peacefulness C. the lack of confidence in undertaking the task D. the difficulty to put all the artworks in a smaller space 28. According to the passage, the new Barnes will _. A. be completely the same as the old one C. be changed into an art education center B. take up more space than the old one D. be forced to be modern in appearance 29. Why does the author oppose to relocate the Barnes? A. The relocation means disrespect to the person who runs it. B. Architectures complicated design will make the museum charmless. C. The spirit of the old Barnes will be gone in a different place. D. The multiple functions of the new Barnes will destroy the collection. 30. What do we know about the old Barnes from the fifth paragraph? A. It is a food example of the great modern museums. B. It is downgraded by the mixture of different paintings. C. The worldfamous painters works make it a charming place. D. It is the seeming imperfection that makes it attractive. Passage 3 For me, scientific knowledge is divided into mathematical sciences, natural sciences or sciences dealing with the natural world (physical and biological sciences), and sciences dealing with mankind (psychology, sociology, all the sciences of cultural achievements, every kind of historical knowledge). Apart from these sciences is philosophy, about which we will talk later. In the first place, all this is pure or theoretical knowledge, sought only for the purpose of understanding, in order to fulfill the need to understand what is intrinsic and consubstantial to man. What distinguishes man from animal is that he knows and needs to know. If man did not know that the world existed, and that the world was of a certain kind, that he was in the world and that he himself was equally necessary for man and are of the greatest importance, because they also contribute to defining him as man and permit him to pursue a life increasingly more truly human. But even while enjoying the results of technical progress, he must defend the primacy and autonomy of pure knowledge. Knowledge sought directly for its practical applications will have immediate and foreseeable success, but not the kind of important result whose revolutionary scope is in large part unforeseen, except by the imagination of the Utopians. Let me recall a wellknown example. If the Green mathematicians had not 科目代码：211 科目名称：翻译硕士英语 第5 页 共7 页 applied themselves to the investigation of conic sections(圆锥曲线), zealously and without the least suspicion that it might someday be useful, it would not have been possible centuries later to navigate far from shore. The first men to study the nature of electricity could not imagine that their experiments, carried on because of mere intellectual curiosity, would eventually lead to modern electrical technology, without which we can scarcely conceive of contemporary life. Pure knowledge is valuable for its own sake, because the human spirit cannot resign itself to ignorance. But, in addition, it is the foundation for practical results that would not have been reached if this knowledge had not been sought disinterestedly. 31. The most important advances made by mankind come from _. A. technical applications B. apparently useless information C. the natural sciences D. philosophy 32. The author does not include among the sciences the study of _. A. chemistry B. astronomy C. economics D. anthropology 33. In the paragraph that follows this passage, we may expect the author to discuss _. A. the value of technical research B. the value of pure research C. philosophy D. scientific foundations 34. The title below that best expressed the ideas of this passage is _. A. Technical Progress B. A Little Learning Is a Dangerous Thing C. Mans Distinguishing Characteristics D. Learning for Its Own Sake 35. The practical scientist