2019年杭州师范大学翻译硕士考研211初试真题.docx

新祥旭考研官网 http:/www.xxxedu.net/2019 年杭州师范大学翻译硕士考研 211 初试真题I. Vocabulary and grammar (30)Section A Multiple choice (20)Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1. Mr. Jeffrey had just_ the shell of the boiled crab and was starting to peel it off.A. cracked B. burst C. fractured D. clanked2. Last week the bishop preached a farewell sermon to a(n) _ that have known him very well since he moved here. A. congregation B. audience C. progression D. population3. I dont doubt _ the plan will be well implemented.A. how B. thatC. which D. whether4. The old woman had an _ habit of emptying ash trays out of her upstairs window onto my doorstep.A. offending B. offensive C. uneducated D. objectionable5. The physician reassured me that the pain in my leg would _ one hour after I took the medicine as I was told.A. wear away B. wear offC. wear down D. wear out6. The phone call my parents just gave me aroused a(n) _ feeling of homesickness in me.A. intense B. intensive C. hopeless D. forceful7. The professor said that he would translate a Chinese fiction if he could find a(n) _ to help him proof-read his translation.A. collaborator B. accomplice C. ally D. confederate8. Although WildAid has been trying to stop the slaughter of sharks for their fins, current regulations rarely curtail _ to the degree needed to restore shark 新祥旭考研官网 http:/www.xxxedu.net/population.A. sharks are hunted B. the hunting of sharksC. to hunt sharks D. sharks hunted9. The mere prospect of a performance of one of their operas was enough to set them to running up bills amounting to _ their prospective royalties.A. ten times the number of B. ten times the amount ofC. the number of ten times D. as ten times as the amount of10. The _ of plastic containers is one of the problems that the local environmental agency has to deal with.A. disposition B. dispersal C. disposal D. dissolution11. The forecast predicted _ weather with rain, sunshine, thunder and wind and that is just what they have had.A. fluctuating B. differingC. ranging D. variable12. The research involves a study of the human heart which leads us through devious mazes of passion, _ it is difficult to find a way.A. of whichB. from whichC. out of which D. through which13. The miserable family have had a _ of misfortunes.A. continuationB. succession C. repetition D. contingency14. Mr. White would have been more amicable and civilized if he had changed a little bit, _?A. wouldnt he B. hasnt he C. didnt he D. hadnt he15. In Japanese cities, traffic jams are _ because citizens in suburb have to drive every day to central business areas to work.A. propagated B. activated C. aggravated D. irritated16. As an experienced politician, he has to have the _ of inspiring confidence in his listeners.A. fluke B. frenzy C. muse D. knack17. You had the _ situation in which Florida had more listed public bathing beaches than the whole of the United Kingdom.新祥旭考研官网 http:/www.xxxedu.net/A. luminous B. luculent C. lubricant D. ludicrous18. Much of what the lecturer said was beyond her comprehension but she managed to understand the _ of his remarks. A. tact B. tenor C. tanner D. manner19. Little _ about his own safety, though he himself was in great danger.A. he cared B. he may care C. may he care D. did he care20. One woman was feared dead last night after a helicopter _ off course into an oil platform and ditched into the sea.A. veered B. instigated C. falsified D. blandishedSection B Proofreading and error correction (10)The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the lineFor a missing word mark the position of the missing word with a “” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/”and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLEWhen art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) When art an It never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) It never buys never them on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibition exhibit Science was once seen as the stuffy domain of pale male scientists spent far too much of their time in the laboratory (1) _新祥旭考研官网 http:/www.xxxedu.net/concocting potions in test tubes while avoiding sunlight and human interaction. Occasionally they would venture out of the lab to give lectures and impart their wisdom with science students. (2)_But they would rarely confront with the general public. Now, (3) _thanks to the growing number of science festivals, scientists are engaging with people in unique, innovativeand often surprisingway.Science communication has evolved in recent years, broken (4) _the age-old tradition of the elite scientist imparting knowledge tothe interested layman. Thanks to the increasing emphasis in academia on public engagement, it is now expected that learningabout science in an open, democratic processsomething shaped (5)_by professionals, but led by the public.Today the language of science communication is repleted (6) _with words such as create, experience, participate and journey.It all makes participation in public science feel more like a fun day out as a classroom chore. (7) _Public science events date back to the days of the Ancient Greeks when the like of Plato and Aristotle would speak in public (8)_about their theories of science and philosophy. It was the Edinburgh International Science Festival which coined the term (9) _“science festival” at its incept in 1989. (10) _II. Reading comprehension(40)Section 1 Multiple choice (20)Directions: In this section there are two passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on the answer sheet.新祥旭考研官网 http:/www.xxxedu.net/Passage AA Scottish novelist, poet, essayist, and travel writer, Robert Louis Stevenson was born at 8 Howard Place, Edinburgh Scotland, on 13 November 1850. It has been more than 100 years since his death. Stevenson was a writer who caused conflicting opinions about his works. On one hand, he was often highly praised for his expert prose and style by many English-language critics. On the other hand, pothers criticized the religious themes in his works, often misunderstanding Stevensons own religious beliefs. Since his death a century before, critics and biographers have disagreed on the legacy of Stevensons writing. Two biographers, KF and CP, wrote a biography about Stevenson with a clear focus. They chose not to criticize aspects of Stevensons personal life. Instead, they focused on his writing, and gave high praise to his writing style and skill.The literary pendulum has a swung these days. Different critics have different opinions towards Robert Louis Stevensons works. Though today, Stevenson is one of the most translated authors in the world, his works have sustained a wide variety of negative criticism throughout his life. it was like a complete reversal of polarity-from highly positive to slightly less positive to clearly negative; after being highly praised as a great writer, he became an example of an author with corrupt ethics and lack of moral. Many literary critics passed his works off as childrens stories or horror stories, and thought to have little social value in an educational setting. Stevensons works were often excluded from literature curriculum because of its controversial nature. These debates remain, and many critics still assert that despite his skill, his literary works still lack moral value.One of the main reasons why Stevensons literary works attracted so much criticism was due to the genre of his writing. Stevenson mainly wrote adventure stories, which was part of a popular and entertaining writing fad at the time. Many of us believe adventure stories are exciting, offers engaging characters, action, and mystery but ultimately cant teach moral principles. The plot points are one-dimensional and rarely offer a deeper moral meaning, instead focusing on exciting 新祥旭考研官网 http:/www.xxxedu.net/and shocking plot twists and thrilling events. His works were even criticized by fellow authors. Though Stevensons works have deeply influenced Oscar Wilde, Wilde often joked that Stevenson would have written better works if he wasnt born in Scotland. Other authors came to Stevensons defence, including Galsworthy who claimed that Stevenson is a greater writer than Thomas Hardy.Despite Wildes criticism, Stevensons Scottish identity was integral part of his writing works. Although Stevensons works were not popular in Scotland when he was alive, many modern Scottish literary critics claim that Sir Walter Scott and Robert Louis Stevenson are the most influential writers in the history of Scotland. While many critics exalt Sir Walter Scott as a literary genius because of his technical ability, others argue that Stevenson deserves the same recognition for his natural ability to capture stories and characters in words. Many of Scotts works were taken more seriously as literature for their depth due to their tragic themes, but fans of Stevenson praise his unique style of story-telling and capture of human nature. Stevensons works, unlike other British authors, captured the unique day to day life of average Scottish people. Many literary critics point to this as a flaw of his works. According to the critics, truly important literature should translate local culture and stories. However, many critics praise the local taste of his literature. To this day, Stevensons works provide valuable insight to life in Scotland during the 19th century.Despite much debate of Stevensons writing topics, his writing was not the only source of attention for critics. Stevensons personal life often attracted a lot of attention from his fans and critics alike. Some even argue that his personal life eventually outshone his writing. Stevenson had been plagued with health problems his whole life, and often had to live in much warmer climates than the cold, dreary weather of Scotland in order to recover, so he took his family to a south pacific island Samoa, which was a controversial decision at that time. However, Stevenson didnt regret the decision. The sea air and thrill of adventure complimented the themes of his writing, and for a time restored his health. From there, Stevenson gained a love of travelling, and for nearly three years he wandered the eastern and central Pacific. Much of his works reflected this love of travel and adventure that 新祥旭考研官网 http:/www.xxxedu.net/Stevenson experienced in the Pacific islands. It was as a result of this biographical attention that the feeling grew that interest in Stevensons life had taken the place of interest in his works. Whether critics focus on his writing subjects, his religious beliefs, or his eccentric lifestyle of travel and adventure, people from the past and present have different opinions about Stevenson as an author. Today, he remains a controversial yet widely popular figure in western literature.1. Stevensons biographers KF and CP .A. underestimated the role family played in Stevensons life.B. overestimated the writers works in the literature history.C. exaggerated Stevensons religious belief in his works.D. elevated Stevensons role as a writer.2. The main point of the second paragraph is .A. the public give a more fair criticism to Stevensons works.B. recent criticism has been justified.C. the style of Stevensons works overweigh his faults in his life.D. Stevensons works drawback is lack of ethical nature.3. According to the author, adventure stories .A. do not provide plot twists well.B. cannot be used by writers to show moral values.C. are more fashionable art form.D. can be found in others works but not in Stevensons.4. What does the author say about Stevensons works?A. They describe the life of people in Scotland.B. They are commonly regarded as real literature.C. They were popular during Stevensons life.D. They transcend the local culture and stories.新祥旭考研官网 http:/www.xxxedu.net/5. The lifestyle of Stevenson .A. made his family envy him so much.B. should be responsible for his death.C. gained more attention from the public than his works.D. didnt well prepare his life in Samoa.Passage BIn Britain one of the most dramatic changes of the Industrial Revolution was the harnessing of power. Until the reign of George(1760-1820), available sources of power for work and travel had not increased since the Middle Ages. There were three sources of power: animal or human muscles; the wind, operating on sail or windmill; and running water. Only the last of these was suited at all to the continuous operating of machines, and although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills, it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed where nature intended them to, and water-driven factories had to be located on their banks whether or not the location was desirable for other reasons. Furthermore, even the most reliable waterpower varied with the seasons and disappeared in a drought. The new age of machinery, in short, could not have been born without a new source of both movable and constant power.The source had long been known but not exploited. Early in the eighteenth century, a pump had come into use in which expanding steam raised a piston in a cylinder, and atmospheric pressure brought it down again when the steam condensed inside the cylinder to form a vacuum. This “atmospheric engine”, invented by Thomas Savery and vastly improved by his partner, Thomas Newcomen, embodied outside the coal mines for which it had been designed. In the 1760s, James Watt perfected a separate condenser for the steam, so that the cylinder did not have to be cooled at every stroke; then he devised a way to make the piston turn a wheel and thus convert reciprocating (back and forth) motion into rotary motion. He thereby 新祥旭考研官网 http:/www.xxxedu.net/transformed an inefficient pump of limited use into a steam engine of a thousand uses. The final step came when steam was introduced into the cylinder to drive the piston backward as well as forward, thereby increasing the speed of the engine and cutting its fuel consumption.Watts steam eng