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第 2 页第 1 页西 安 建 筑 科 技 大 学2018 年攻读硕士学位研究生招生考试试题(答案书写在本试题纸上无效。考试结束后本试题纸须附在答题纸内交回) 共 8 页C. Women and men often show significant difference in their linguistic usage in terms of word choice, communication strategy, etc.D. Linguistic characteristics in a certain community usually vary according to its inner social hierarchy.考试科目: 适用专业:（8 66）综合（ 语言学 ，英美文 学，英 汉 互译） 戏剧戏曲学（英语语言文学方向） 6. Suprasegmental features are those aspects of speech that involve more than single sound segments. Among the ones given below, the principle suprasegmental is .A. triphthongs B. diphthongs C. syllable D. stress7. The of language is a sign of sophistication and it makes it possible for language to have an unlimited source of expressions.A. displacement B. recursive-ness C. arbitrariness D. duality8. Which of the following statements make the most fundamental conceptual meaning of needle?A. a very thin sharp leaf that grows on some treesB. a small thin metal toolC. a sense of pain, especially for childrenD. an action to keep annoying someone by saying things that make them angry9. Conversion as a word-formation process occurs when there is a change in the category of a word. Which of the following underlined words doesnt make a good example of conversion? A. A debate between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump is to be televised on CNN next week.B. Using the metal to its best advantage calls for a thorough rethink of metal-working methods.C. its raids are netting 35 illegals a day in Chicago.D. Kissinger got them (the plans) and helicoptered to Camp David.10. -“When will you start your journey to Sweden?”-“To go to the nearest airport, its more comfortable to take a taxi than a coach.”In the above conversation, there seems to be a violation of in terms of Cooperative Principle.A. the maxim of quantity B. the maxim of qualityC. the maxim of relation D. the maxim of mannerPart One Linguistics (50 points)I. Multiple choices (20 points, 2 point for each)Directions: In each question, there are four choices. Decide which one would be the best answer to the question, or best complete the sentence.1. The description of a language as it changes through time is a study.A. comparative B. diachronic C. descriptive D. synchronic2. The element “visit” in the word “visitor” is a .A. bound morpheme B. prefix C. free morpheme D. bound root3. “Hi, John. How is your daughter recently?” “John has a daughter.”A. presupposes B. entails C. summarizes D. deduces4. The use of a word which is thought to be less offensive or unpleasant than another word is known as. For example, someone who has died is usually referred to as late instead of died.A. taboo B. register C. euphemism D. social dialect5. The view that a language determines the thought and perception of its native speaker is known asSapir-Whorf Hypothesis. Which of the following facts supports the hypothesis?A. The Eskimos in their language have a large number of single terms for different kinds of snow.B. More than one single term can be used to refer to same phenomenon, such as the co-existence of falland autumn.第 4 页第 3 页西 安 建 筑 科 技 大 学2018 年攻读硕士学位研究生招生考试试题(答案书写在本试题纸上无效。考试结束后本试题纸须附在答题纸内交回) 共 8 页Part Two Literature (50 points)考试科目: （8 66）综合 （语言 学 ，英美文 学，英 汉 互 译 ） III. Multiple choices (20 points, 2 point for each)Directions: In each question, there are four choices. Decide which one would be the best answer to适 用 专 业 : 戏剧戏曲学（英语语言文学方向） the question, or best complete the sentence.16. Who is the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England?A. Christopher Marlow B. Geoffrey ChaucerC. W. Shakespeare D. Alfred the Great17. The famous lines “Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer/ The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune/ Or to take arms against a sea of troubles/ And by opposing end them.” are taken from Shakespeares .A. The Paradise Lost B. MacbethC. Hamlet D. Romeo and Juliet18. The English Romantic Period produced two major novelists. They are .A. Scott and Austen B. Byron and ShellyC. Wordsworth and Coleridge D. Lamb and Hazlitt19. The greatest English critical novelist was , who criticized the bourgeois civilization and showed the misery of the common people.A. William Makepeace Thackeray B. Charles DickensC. Charlotte Bronte D. Emily Dickinson20. The Movement appeared in the thirties of the 19th century. It showed the English workers were able to appear as an independent political force and were already realizing the fact that the industrial bourgeoisie was their enemy.A. Enlightenment B. RenaissanceC. Romanticist D. ChartistII. Essay questions (30 points, 10 points for each)Directions: Please choose either 3 of the following 5 questions(11-15 题任选三道题作答, 多做按 顺序取前三题评分) and write an essay of about 120-180 words for each. You may provide examples to support your argumentation.11. Both semantics and pragmatics take meaning as its research scope. To what extent do you think that those two branches of linguistic studies are differentiated or related?12. Observe the sentence: John helped a man with a cane.The sentence seems to contain a certain ambiguity. Could you please find out where the ambiguity arises with tree diagrams? Is there any way to resolve the ambiguity? And why?13. Infection and derivation are two major morphological processes. Could you please tell the differencebetween them with specific examples?14. Observe the following utterances: a. Look how far weve come.b. Were at a crossroads.c. Well just have to go our separate ways.d. We cant turn back now.e. I dont think this relationship is going anywhere.It is argued that in the above utterances LOVE is treated as a Journey and there are a large number of similar expressions built on the same concept. Do you agree or disagree with the opinion? And why?15. In learning a foreign language, what did you find caused the most difficulty: pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, or something else? Why did you think there were difficulties (the teacher, the textbook, the physical setting, the lack of time, the other students, anything else? Do you believe there is a “best age” forbeginning to learn a second language?第 6 页第 5 页西 安 建 筑 科 技 大 学2018 年攻读硕士学位研究生招生考试试题(答案书写在本试题纸上无效。考试结束后本试题纸须附在答题纸内交回) 共 8 页考试科目: （8 66）综合 （语言 学，英美 文学， 英 汉互译）适 用 专 业 : 戏剧戏曲学（英语语言文学方向） 21. Which of the following works is considered to be a Puritan document recording self-examination andself-improvement?A. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin B. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. The Pioneers D. A History of New York22. Which of the following statement is not true regarding American Transcendentalism?A. It placed emphasis on spirit as the most important thing in the universe.B. It reflected political and social events.C. It stressed the importance of the individual.D. It offered a fresh perception of nature as symbolic of the Spirit or God.23. portrays “a generation grown up to find all gods dead, all wars fought, all faith in man shaken”.A. T.S. Eliot B. William FaulknerC. Herman Melville D. F. Scott Fitzgerald24. Mark Twains special contribution to American literature can be best summarized as _.A. brilliant satire B. ironic humorC. local colorism D. dramatic ending25. is widely regarded as the William Faulkners masterpiece.A. A Farewell to Arms B. The Grapes of WrathC. The Call of the Wild D. Sound and FuryIV. Essay questions (30 points, 10 points for each)Directions: Please choose either 3 of the following 5 questions(26-30 题任选三道题作答, 多做按 顺序取前三题评分) and write an essay of about 120-180 words for each.26. Give a brief comment on The Merchant of Venice.27. Give a brief comment of Daniel Defoes Robinson Crusoe.28. Give a brief comment of Jane Eyre.29. Give a brief comment of Moby-Dick.30. Read the following poetry,First FigMy candle burns at both ends; It will not last the night;But ah, my foes and oh, my friends It gives a lovely light.Please state your opinion of the theme that the above poetry develops.第 8 页第 7 页西 安 建 筑 科 技 大 学2018 年攻读硕士学位研究生招生考试试题(答案书写在本试题纸上无效。考试结束后本试题纸须附在答题纸内交回) 共 8 页VI. English-Chinese Translation (25 points)Directions: Translate the following paragraph from English into Chinese.考试科目: （8 66）综合 （语言 学，英美 文学， 英 汉互译） 32. How Should One Read a Book?It is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction, biograph, poetry we should适 用 专 业 : 戏剧戏曲学（英语语言文学方向） separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow-worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentence, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite.Part Three Translation (50 points)V. Chinese-English Translation (25 points)Directions: Translate the following paragraph from Chinese into English.31. 大 学 生1)现 在 大学 生的 学习 压力 相 当 重 。 2） 除 了大 四， 他 们开始 找工 作了 ， 其 余的 学生总 是忙 于学 习， 而 不 愿 参 加校 园团 体和 俱乐 部， 不 愿 参加 体育 锻炼 和 其 他 课 外活 动， 不 愿与 他 们 的 朋 友玩 玩， 不 愿 关 心和 学习 没有关 系的 事。 3）总之 ，他 们就 像一个机 器人 。4 ）压 力大 ，时间少 ，功 课多 。5 ）看 到 同 寝 室 里的 人都 上图 书馆 去 学 习 ， 直 到 深夜 闭馆 才 回， 而 自 己却 去看 电影 ， 他 们 就会 有一 种内 疚 感。6 ）一 想到 白天 什么 事 都没干 ，心 里就 感到 不安 ，会整 夜因 此睡 不着 觉。 7） 他 们 学 习太 紧张 ， 几 乎没 有时 间好 好品 尝生活 ，干 些其 他事 ，成为 一个 全面 发展 的人 。8 ）读 大学 使他 们失 去太 多的 个人幸 福和 健康 。
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