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江苏大学硕士研究生入学考试样题第4页共11页满分:100分科目代码: 科目名称243英语（二外）注意：认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题 纸或草稿纸上均无效；本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！Part I Vocabulary (20 points)Please choose the best answer far each sentence below.1. After working all day, he was so tired that he was in no to go to the party with us.A) tasteB) moodC) senseD) emotion2. Finding a job can be and disappointing, and therefore it is important that you are prepared.A) exploitingB) frustratingC) profitingD) misleading3. Workers in the fine arts thoughts and feelings through their creative works.A) transmitB) elaborateC) conveyD) contribute4. Three university departments have been $600,000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning.A) promotedB) includedC) securedD) awarded5. The rapid development of communications technology is transforming the in which people communicate across time and space.A) moodB) missionC) mannerD) vision6. Mr. Jones holds strong views against video games and the closing of all recreation facilities for such games.A) assistsB) acknowledgesC) advocatesD) admits7. Apart from caring for her children, she has to take on such heavy housework as caiTying water and firewood.A) time-consumedB) timely-consumedC) time-consumingD) timely-consuming8. Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, completely to the outside world.A) having been lostB) to be lostC) losingD) lost9. The police are trying to find out the of the woman killed in the traffic accident.A) evidenceB) recognitionC) statusD) identity10. All human beings have a comfortable zone regulating the they keep from someone they talk with.A) distanceB) scopeC) rangeD) boundary11. We have planned an exciting publicity with our advertisers.A) struggleB) campaignC) battleD) conflict12. the help of their group, we would not have succeeded in the investigation.A) BesidesB) Regardless ofC) But forD) Despite13. John doesnt believe in medicine; he has some remedies of his own.A) standardB) regularC) routineD) conventional14. Owing to competition among the airlines, travel expenses have been reduced considerably.A) fierceB) strainedC) eagerD) critical15. Though in a big city, Peter always prefers to paint the primitive scenes of country life.A) grownB) raisedC) tendedD) cultivated16. If people feel hopeless, they dont bother to the skills they need to succeed.A) adoptB) acquireC) accumulateD) assemble17. The shop assistant was dismissed as she was of cheating customers.A) accusedB) chargedC) scoldedD) cursed18. All her energies are upon her children and she seems to have little time for anything else.A) guidedB) aimedC) directedD) focused19. Everyone should be to a decent standard of living and an opportunity to be educated.A) attributedB) entitledC) identifiedD) justified20. His wife is constantly finding with him, which makes him very angry.A) errorsB) shortcomingsC) faultD) flawPart II Grammar (10 Points)Please read the following sentences and fill in the blanks with the correct word forms.21. (finish) preparing dinner, she stood at the front door waiting for her children toreturn.22. The boy had no choice but (follow) his father into the room.23. While (apply) for a job, the graduate student got an offer to study abroad.24. Rose knows that continuous letters from John, together with countless roses, are (aim) at making her fall in love with him.25. Perhaps the most popular tourist attraction on the island is the beautiful beach (offer) warm water, abundant sea life, and clean sand.26. Asking about a ladys age is considered to be an (embarrass) question in western cultures.27. In Chinese culture, red (represent) happiness, while in some western countries, red is more connected with danger and warning.28. Recently a kind of traditional Chinese medicine is quite popular in the United States, for it iseffective (cure) patients of their cough.29. Only 10 out of the 97 passengers (survive) the plane crash in Russia last month.30. The mayor awarded the police officer a medal of honor for his heroic deed in (rescue) the earthquake victims.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Some of the world!s most significant problems hit headlines. One example comes from agriculture. Food riots and hunger make news. But the trend lying behind these matters is rarely talked about. This is the decline in the growth in yields of some of the worlds major crops. A new study by the University of Minnesota and McGill University in Montreal looks at where, and how far, this decline is occurring.The authors take a vast number of data points for the four most important crops: rice, wheat, corn and soybeans (大豆).They find that on between 24% and 39% of all harvestedareas, the improvement in yields that took place before the 1980s slowed down in the 1990s and 2000s.There are two worrying features of the slowdown. One is that it has been particularly sharp in the worlds most populous (人口 多的)countries, India and China. Their ability to feed themselves has been an important source of relative stability both within the countries and on world food markets. That self-sufficiency cannot be taken fbr granted if yields continue to slow down or reverse.Second, yield growth has been lower in wheat and rice than in corn and soybeans. This is problematic because wheat and rice are more important as foods, accounting for around half of all calories consumed. Corn and soybeans are more important as feed grains. The authors note that we have preferentially focused our crop improvement efforts on feeding animals and cars rather than on crops that feed people and are the basis of food security in much of the world.The report qualifies the more optimistic findings of another new paper which suggests that the world will not have to dig up a lot more land fbr farming in order to feed 9 billion people in 2050, as the Food and Agriculture Organization has argued.Instead, it says, thanks to slowing population growth, land currently ploughed up for crops might be able to revert (回返)to forest or wilderness. This could happen. The trouble is that the forecast assumes continued improvements in yields, which may not actually happen.31. What does the author try to draw attention to?A) Food riots and hunger in the world.B) The decline of the grain yield growth.C) News headlines in the leading media.D) The food supply in populous countries.32. Why does the author mention India and China in particular?A) Their self sufficiency is vital to the stability of world food markets.B) Their food yields have begun to decrease sharply in recent years.C) Their big populations are causing worldwide concerns.D) Their food self-sufficiency has been taken fbr granted.33. What does the new study by the two universities say about recent crop improvement efforts?A) They fail to produce the same remarkable results as before the 1980s.B) They contribute a lot to the improvement of human food production.C) They play a major role in guaranteeing the food security of the world.D) They focus more on the increase of animal feed than human food grains.34. What does the Food and Agriculture Organization say about world food production in the coming decades?A) The growing population will greatly increase the pressure on world food supplies.B) The optimistic prediction about food production should be viewed with caution.C) The slowdown of the growth in yields of major food crops will be reversed.D) The world will be able to feed its population without increasing farmland.35. How does the author view the argument of the Food and Agriculture Organization?A) It is built on the findings of a new study.B) It is based on a doubtful assumption.C) It is backed by strong evidence.D) It is open to further discussion.Passage TwoQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled. Some 65% of American men aged 62-74 with a professional degree are in the workforce, compared with 32% of men with only a high-school certificate. This gap is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated well-off and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people. And they will live longer than ever before. Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity (长寿)translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the idle old misses a new trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the unskilled. Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people, whereas older skilled folk are working longer. The divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers are putting off retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce.Policy is partly responsible. Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early. Rising life expectancy (预期寿命)，combined with the replacement of generous defined-benefit pension plans with less generous defined-contribution ones, means that even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding generation. Technological change may well reinforce that shift: the skills that complement computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.36. What is happening in the workforce in rich countries?A) Younger people are replacing the elderly.B) Well-educated people tend to work longer.C) Unemployment rates are rising year after year.D) People with no college degree do not easily find work.37. What has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and the poor?A) Longer life expectancies.B) A rapid technological advance.C) Profound changes in the workforce.D) A growing number of the well-educated.38. What do many observers predict in view of the experience of the 20th century?A) Economic growth will slow down.B) Government budgets will increase.C) More people w川 try to pursue higher education.D) There will be more competition in the job market.39. What is the result of policy changes in European countries?A) Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.B) More people have to receive in-service training.C) Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.D) People may be able to enjoy generous defined-benefits from pension plans.40. What is characteristic of work in the 21st century?A) Computers will do more complicated work.B) More will be taken by the educated young.C) Most jobs to be done will be creative ones.D) Skills are highly valued regardless of age.Passage ThreeQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Human wants seem endless. When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car, visions of country clubs and pleasure boats dance into view.The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of wants, another level appears.The first and most basic level of wants involves food. Once this want is satisfied, a second level of wants appears: clothing and some sort of shelter. By the end of World War II these wants were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.By 1957 or 1958 this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared: the li花-enriching level. While other levels involve physical satisfaction the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation of the human body this level stresses mental needs fbr recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called luxury items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and entertainment. Also included here are fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing.On the fourth level, a greater percentage of consumer spending goes to services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.41. According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when .A) he has saved up enough moneyB) he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelterC) He has satisfied his hungerD) He has learned to build houses42. It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of the World War II most Americans A) were very richB) lived in povertyC) had the good things on the first three levelsD) did not own automobiles43. All of the following EXCEPT are related to “physical satisfactions.第8页共11页A) a successful careerB) a cozy homeC) a new houseD) a family car44. All of the following EXCEPT belong to the wants on the fourth level.A) going for holiday tripsB) finding a shelterC) going to a cinemaD) the best medical care45. The author tends to think that a fifth level .A) would be little better than the fourth levelB) may be a lot more d
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