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第 1 页 共 6 页姓名：报考专业：准考证号码：密封线内不要写题2017 年全国硕士研究生招生考试初试自命题试题科目名称：英语翻译基础（A 卷B 卷）科目代码：357考试时间：3 小时 满分 150 分可使用的常用工具：无 计算器 直尺 圆规（请在使用工具前打）注意：所有答题内容必须写在答题纸上，写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效；考完后试题随答题纸交回。Part One Phrase Translation(30 points)Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate 30 expressions, abbreviations or proper names, either from English to Chinese or from Chinese to English. Section A English to Chinese (15 points) 1) cyberspace 2) GPS 3) grace period 4) LOL 5) Brexit 6) Trojan Horse 7) EQ8) ISO9) prime time10) Jeseph Needham11) pet phrase12) ISP 13) Okinawa 14) diet tea 15) navigation barSection B Chinese to English (15 points) 1) （美国）国务卿2) 天人合一3) 皮影第 2 页 共 6 页4) 网络女主播5) 蓝筹股6) 拜年7) 首席财务官8) 基本理念9) 创客10) 徇私枉法11) 虚拟现实12) 社会主义核心价值观13) 火警出口14) 司法行政机关15) 弘扬民族优秀文化Part Two Passage Translation(120 points)Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate one English passage into Chinese and one Chinese passage into English. Section A English to Chinese (60 points) Americans have a sense of space, not of place. Go to an American home in exurbia, and almost the first thing you do is drift toward the picture window. How curious that the first compliment you pay your host inside the house is to say how lovely it is outside his house. He is pleased that you should admire his vistas. The distant horizon is not merely a line separating earth from sky, it is a symbol of the future. The American is not rooted in his place, however lovely: his eyes are drawn by the expanding space to a point on the horizon, which is his future. By contrast, consider the traditional Chinese home. Blank walls enclose it. Outside is a courtyard with perhaps a miniature garden around a corner. Once inside his private compound you are wrapped in an ambiance of calm beauty, an ordered world of buildings, pavement, rock, and decorative vegetation. But you have no distant view: nowhere does space open out before you, the only open space is the sky above. The Chinese is rooted in his place. The Chinese tie to place is deeply felt. Wanderlust is an alien sentiment. The Taoist classic Tao Te Ching captures the ideal of rootedness in place with these words: “Though there may be another country in the neighborhood so close that they are within sight of each other and the crowing of cocks and barking of dogs in one place can be heard in the other, yet there is no traffic between them; and 第 3 页 共 6 页throughout their lives the two peoples have nothing to do with each other.” In theory if not in practice, farmers have ranked high in Chinese society. The reason is not only that they are engaged in a “root” industry of producing food but that, unlike pecuniary merchants, they are tied to the land and do not abandon their country when it is in danger. Section B Chinese to English (60 points) 人的生命对于自己来说，很漫长；相对于自然来说，很短暂。在漫长中，有我们无法追悔的东西；在短暂里，有我们梦想成真的渴望。“外面的世界很精彩。 ”大凡远方对我们都具有诱惑，不是诱惑于传说，就是诱惑于美丽。传说也好，美丽也罢，可是去到远方又有远方，这些事物只能让我们作为信息而得知。即使你曾亲睹那异地的美好，但在紧张的生活中，想再次游历谈何容易，于是一些宽广的目标，只能成为今生的向往。“多情自古伤离别。 ”命运让你我相聚相知，可是时间就像那曲终人散的舞会，让我们又相分相离。重逢之日不可知，多少情感还未来得及表达，你我只有拉拉手，道一声“珍重” ，从此留下绵绵无期的思念。“知足者常乐” ，这是一种回避现实、急流勇退的消极心理。其实我们每时每刻都在设计自己的拥有、物欲的追求和精神的享受。然而现实总与设想存在一段距离，让我们不能如愿以偿。虽然说“往事不堪回首” ，可是我们又能控制自己的几许思绪呢？无须刻意营造什么，往事就会自动找上门来，并且总有一些得失，让我们缅怀或悔恨月亮圆缺缺复圆，花儿开谢谢又开。憧憬在不断的寻找中幻灭，遗憾在不断的幻灭中再现。虽然在我们的人生旅程中，有很多缠绕终生而不能兑现的愿望，但是，如果没有现实与理想的距离让我们去追求，如果没有往昔的过错让我们去追悔，我们就不会走向成熟。The End第 4 页 共 6 页答案ection A English to Chinese (15 points) 1) 网络空间2) 全球定位系统3) 宽限期4) 放声大笑5) 英国脱欧6) 特洛伊木马7) 情商8) 国际标准化组织9) 黄金时段10) 李约瑟11) 口头禅12) 互联网服务提供商13) 冲绳14) 减肥茶15) 导航栏Section B Chinese to English (15 points) 1) the Secretary of State2) unity of man and nature3) shadow puppet4) camgirl5) blue chips6) to pay a New Year call7) Chief Financial Officer8) fundamental philosophy9) maker10) to bend laws for personal ends11) virtual reality12) socialist core values13) Fire Exit14) judicial administrative authorities15) to advance and enrich the fine cultural heritage of the nation第 5 页 共 6 页Part Two Passage Translation(120 points)Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate one English passage into Chinese and one Chinese passage into English. Section A English to Chinese (60 points) 美国人有空间意识，没有场所概念。如果你去住在郊外的美国人家中做客，你要做的第一件事，几乎总是不由自主地走向观景窗。说来真是怪，你在主人屋内首先赞扬他屋外景色多么美！主人很高兴，你会欣赏他户外的远景。远方的地平线不仅仅是天地间的分界线，而且是未来的象征。美国人不会扎根于他的寓所，不管这寓所多么舒适：他的目光被辽阔的空间引向地平线上的一点，那是他的未来。相比之下，来看看中国人传统的家。四周光秃秃的墙壁，外面是个院子，院角可能有个小花园。一进入这样一个私家小院，你就会置身于一种静谧、优美的氛围之中，那房舍、小径、石头、花草构成了一个井然有序的小天地。可是你看不到远处的风景：你前面没有任何开阔的空间，惟一的开阔空间是头顶上的天空。中国人扎根于他的场所之中。中国人跟场所的情结是根深蒂固的。他们的心性跟漫游癖是格格不入的。道教的经典道德经用这样的话概括了扎根于场所的理念：“邻国相望，鸡犬之声相闻；民至老死，不相往来。 ”抛开实际情况从理论上讲，农民在中国社会有很高的地位。究其原因，不仅仅在于他们致力于生产粮食这一“根基”产业，而且在于他们总是跟土地栓在一起，即使国难当头的时候，也不会抛弃自己的家园，在这一点上他们不同于唯利是图的商人。Section B Chinese to English (60 points) Life is long enough for an individual human being, but for Mother Nature, it is very short and transitory. Viewed as a long course, life is full of things that cannot be retrieved or restored, but in its brevity, it is fraught with dreams yet to come true. “The other side of the world is wonderful.” Indeed, faraway land is a temptation for us either with its legends or with its exotic beauty. Neither, however, is exhaustive, for the horizon stretches ahead in an endless vista, and there are places and things you can never see or experience save at second hand. Even if you have been to the place and marveled at its splendor, a second visit is almost out of the question, for you are always occupied otherwise. So some of your grand aspirations will remain lifelong dreams. “Parting especially saddens the sentimental.” Fortune may bring us together to forge friendship. However, in time we would have to bid farewell to each other just 第 6 页 共 6 页as people leave a party when the dance is over. Parting may come sooner than we can fully express our feelings toward each other, and we may never know when we shall meet again. Whats there to do but exchange good wishes with a handshake and miss each other endlessly in the separation?“Happy is he who is always contented.” It refers to an escapist mentality of persuading oneself to halt at limited gains. Actually we never cease to make plans for new acquisitions, driven by materials desire and pursuit of spiritual enjoyment. But the plans are often left unfulfilled because of their incongruity with reality. “Its unbearable to look back.” True as it is, our thoughts are hardly controllable when they take their own courses, and bring back past events in which there were bound to be gains and losses for us to feel nostalgic or sorry about. The moon waxes and wanes; the flowers bloom and fade. In the course of lifes quests, aspiration often gives way to disillusion, which in turn brings about regret. During our journey in life, lots of wishes will never be realized, but it is precisely the gap between ideal and reality for us to bridge, and the mistakes committed in the past for us to regret, that contribute to our maturity in life. Passage Translation Scoring Policies60-55 EXCELLENT TRANSLATIONThe translation has faithfully conveyed all the ideas in the original with only 1 or 2 minor errors in vocabulary, syntax, punctuation or spelling. The translation is elegant (appropriate choice of words, variety in sentence patterns).55-45 GOOD TRANSLATION WITH FEW INACCURACIESThe translation has conveyed most of the ideas in the original with relatively few significant errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is readable (generally clear, smooth and cohesive).45-35 PASSABLE TRANSLATION WITH SOME INACCURACIESThe translation has adequately conveyed main ideas of the original with occasional errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is, for the most part, readable.35-20 INADEQUATE TRANSLATION WITH FREQUENT INACCURACIESThe translation has only conveyed half of the ideas in the original with frequent errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is, in some parts, unreadable.
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